Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Based on the observation of the geochemical characteristics of 19 hot springs in the Litang Fault Zone (LFZ) from 2010 to 2019, the major elements, trace elements, and stable isotopes were investigated, and a conceptual model of ground fluid circulation in the LFZ was established. The main hydrochem...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/9/1496 |
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| author | Rui Zhou Xiaocheng Zhou Ying Li Miao He Jingchao Li Jinyuan Dong Jiao Tian Kaiyue Li Yucong Yan Shupei Ouyang Fengli Liu Zhixin Luo |
| author_facet | Rui Zhou Xiaocheng Zhou Ying Li Miao He Jingchao Li Jinyuan Dong Jiao Tian Kaiyue Li Yucong Yan Shupei Ouyang Fengli Liu Zhixin Luo |
| author_sort | Rui Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Based on the observation of the geochemical characteristics of 19 hot springs in the Litang Fault Zone (LFZ) from 2010 to 2019, the major elements, trace elements, and stable isotopes were investigated, and a conceptual model of ground fluid circulation in the LFZ was established. The main hydrochemical type of hot spring water samples is HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-Na<sup>+</sup>. The <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H values range from −157.6‰ to −123.4‰ and <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values range from −24.5‰ to −15.4‰. The hot spring water in the Litang fault zone is mainly recharged by infiltrating precipitation, with a recharge elevation of 4062~6018 m. Hydrochemical types of Litang hot springs are mainly controlled by the circulation of groundwater in a deep fault system, and are related to the rock lithology of thermal reservoir and water–rock reaction areas. Hot springs in the Litang fault zone attribute to three different heat sources, belonging to three geothermal systems. The flow direction of groundwater in the LFZ is roughly from northwest to southeast along the Litang fault. The deeper the circulation depth of hot spring water on the fault, the higher the thermal reservoir temperature and the stronger the seismic activity of the segment, which is closely related to the increase in pore fluid pressure, rock weakening, and deep fluid upwelling. This study is helpful for further study on regional hydrogeological environments and provides a scientific basis for revealing geothermal fluid movement in fault zones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:33:48Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f7966a81a73a48da8bb53de897516de4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:33:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7966a81a73a48da8bb53de897516de42023-11-23T09:36:37ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-05-01149149610.3390/w14091496Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet PlateauRui Zhou0Xiaocheng Zhou1Ying Li2Miao He3Jingchao Li4Jinyuan Dong5Jiao Tian6Kaiyue Li7Yucong Yan8Shupei Ouyang9Fengli Liu10Zhixin Luo11CEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaCEA Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction (Institute of Earthquake Forecasting), China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, ChinaBased on the observation of the geochemical characteristics of 19 hot springs in the Litang Fault Zone (LFZ) from 2010 to 2019, the major elements, trace elements, and stable isotopes were investigated, and a conceptual model of ground fluid circulation in the LFZ was established. The main hydrochemical type of hot spring water samples is HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-Na<sup>+</sup>. The <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H values range from −157.6‰ to −123.4‰ and <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values range from −24.5‰ to −15.4‰. The hot spring water in the Litang fault zone is mainly recharged by infiltrating precipitation, with a recharge elevation of 4062~6018 m. Hydrochemical types of Litang hot springs are mainly controlled by the circulation of groundwater in a deep fault system, and are related to the rock lithology of thermal reservoir and water–rock reaction areas. Hot springs in the Litang fault zone attribute to three different heat sources, belonging to three geothermal systems. The flow direction of groundwater in the LFZ is roughly from northwest to southeast along the Litang fault. The deeper the circulation depth of hot spring water on the fault, the higher the thermal reservoir temperature and the stronger the seismic activity of the segment, which is closely related to the increase in pore fluid pressure, rock weakening, and deep fluid upwelling. This study is helpful for further study on regional hydrogeological environments and provides a scientific basis for revealing geothermal fluid movement in fault zones.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/9/1496hot springhydrogeochemistrystable isotopesgeothermometercirculationthe Litang fault |
| spellingShingle | Rui Zhou Xiaocheng Zhou Ying Li Miao He Jingchao Li Jinyuan Dong Jiao Tian Kaiyue Li Yucong Yan Shupei Ouyang Fengli Liu Zhixin Luo Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Water hot spring hydrogeochemistry stable isotopes geothermometer circulation the Litang fault |
| title | Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_full | Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_fullStr | Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_short | Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Hot Springs in the Litang Fault Zone, Southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_sort | hydrogeochemical and isotopic characteristics of the hot springs in the litang fault zone southeast qinghai tibet plateau |
| topic | hot spring hydrogeochemistry stable isotopes geothermometer circulation the Litang fault |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/9/1496 |
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