Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis
The role of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has remained as an enigmatic paradox for more than 30 years. Several studies attribute this cytokine a prominent proinflammatory and pathogenic function in these pathologi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00492/full |
| _version_ | 1818391093396373504 |
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| author | Gabriel eArellano Payton Amelia Ottum Lilian eReyes Paula eBurgos Rodrigo eNaves |
| author_facet | Gabriel eArellano Payton Amelia Ottum Lilian eReyes Paula eBurgos Rodrigo eNaves |
| author_sort | Gabriel eArellano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The role of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has remained as an enigmatic paradox for more than 30 years. Several studies attribute this cytokine a prominent proinflammatory and pathogenic function in these pathologies. However, accumulating evidence shows that IFN-γ also plays a protective role inducing regulatory cell activity and modulating the effector T cell response. Several innate and adaptive immune cells also develop opposite functions strongly associated with the production of IFN-γ in EAE. Even the suppressive activity of different types of regulatory cells is dependent on IFN-γ. Interestingly, recent data supports a stage-specific participation of IFN-γ in EAE providing a plausible explanation for previous conflicting results. In this review, we will summarize and discuss such literature, emphasizing the protective role of IFN-γ on immune cells. These findings are fundamental to understand the complex role of IFN-γ in the pathogenesis of these diseases and can provide basis for potential stage-specific therapy for MS targeting IFN-γ-signaling or IFN-γ-producing immune cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:08:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f79b2c0570154cfd8dedb35e3b3c3af2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:08:02Z |
| publishDate | 2015-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f79b2c0570154cfd8dedb35e3b3c3af22022-12-21T23:16:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242015-09-01610.3389/fimmu.2015.00492163504Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosisGabriel eArellano0Payton Amelia Ottum1Lilian eReyes2Paula eBurgos3Rodrigo eNaves4Universidad de ChileUniversidad de ChileUniversidad San SebastiánPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileUniversidad de ChileThe role of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has remained as an enigmatic paradox for more than 30 years. Several studies attribute this cytokine a prominent proinflammatory and pathogenic function in these pathologies. However, accumulating evidence shows that IFN-γ also plays a protective role inducing regulatory cell activity and modulating the effector T cell response. Several innate and adaptive immune cells also develop opposite functions strongly associated with the production of IFN-γ in EAE. Even the suppressive activity of different types of regulatory cells is dependent on IFN-γ. Interestingly, recent data supports a stage-specific participation of IFN-γ in EAE providing a plausible explanation for previous conflicting results. In this review, we will summarize and discuss such literature, emphasizing the protective role of IFN-γ on immune cells. These findings are fundamental to understand the complex role of IFN-γ in the pathogenesis of these diseases and can provide basis for potential stage-specific therapy for MS targeting IFN-γ-signaling or IFN-γ-producing immune cells.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00492/fullAdaptive ImmunityMultiple Sclerosisinnate immunityNeuroinflammationExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisInterferon-γ |
| spellingShingle | Gabriel eArellano Payton Amelia Ottum Lilian eReyes Paula eBurgos Rodrigo eNaves Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis Frontiers in Immunology Adaptive Immunity Multiple Sclerosis innate immunity Neuroinflammation Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Interferon-γ |
| title | Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis |
| title_full | Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis |
| title_short | Stage-specific role of interferon-gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis |
| title_sort | stage specific role of interferon gamma in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis |
| topic | Adaptive Immunity Multiple Sclerosis innate immunity Neuroinflammation Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Interferon-γ |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00492/full |
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