Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean
<p>The appearance of phytoplankton blooms within sea ice cover is of high importance considering the upper ocean primary production that controls the biological pump, with implications for atmospheric <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> and glob...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2020-04-01
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| Series: | The Cryosphere |
| Online Access: | https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/1385/2020/tc-14-1385-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818519911265206272 |
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| author | B. Jena A. N. Pillai |
| author_facet | B. Jena A. N. Pillai |
| author_sort | B. Jena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The appearance of phytoplankton blooms within sea ice cover is of high importance considering the upper ocean primary production that
controls the biological pump, with implications for atmospheric <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span>
and global climate. Satellite-derived chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span> concentration showed
unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean,
with chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span> reaching up to 4.67 mg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> during 2017.
Multi-satellite data indicated that the bloom appeared for the first time since
the entire mission records started in 1978. An Argo float located in the
polynya edge provided evidence of bloom conditions in austral spring 2017
(chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span> up to 5.47 mg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup>)</span> compared to the preceding years with
prevailing low chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span>. The occurrence of bloom was associated with the
supply of nutrients into the upper ocean through Ekman upwelling (driven
by wind stress curl and cyclonic ocean eddies) and improved light conditions of
up to 61.9 einstein m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span> d<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. The net primary production from the
Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer chlorophyll-based
algorithm showed that the Maud Rise polynya was as productive as the
Antarctic coastal polynyas, with carbon fixation rates reaching up to
415.08 mg C m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span> d<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. The study demonstrates how the
phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean (specifically over the shallow
bathymetric region) would likely respond in the future under warming
climate conditions and continued melting of Antarctic sea ice.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:30:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f79fa434af334c3eb18c0574a7deacde |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1994-0416 1994-0424 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:30:22Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Cryosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-f79fa434af334c3eb18c0574a7deacde2022-12-22T01:25:23ZengCopernicus PublicationsThe Cryosphere1994-04161994-04242020-04-01141385139810.5194/tc-14-1385-2020Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern OceanB. JenaA. N. Pillai<p>The appearance of phytoplankton blooms within sea ice cover is of high importance considering the upper ocean primary production that controls the biological pump, with implications for atmospheric <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> and global climate. Satellite-derived chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span> concentration showed unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean, with chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span> reaching up to 4.67 mg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> during 2017. Multi-satellite data indicated that the bloom appeared for the first time since the entire mission records started in 1978. An Argo float located in the polynya edge provided evidence of bloom conditions in austral spring 2017 (chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span> up to 5.47 mg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup>)</span> compared to the preceding years with prevailing low chlorophyll <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span>. The occurrence of bloom was associated with the supply of nutrients into the upper ocean through Ekman upwelling (driven by wind stress curl and cyclonic ocean eddies) and improved light conditions of up to 61.9 einstein m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span> d<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. The net primary production from the Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer chlorophyll-based algorithm showed that the Maud Rise polynya was as productive as the Antarctic coastal polynyas, with carbon fixation rates reaching up to 415.08 mg C m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span> d<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. The study demonstrates how the phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean (specifically over the shallow bathymetric region) would likely respond in the future under warming climate conditions and continued melting of Antarctic sea ice.</p>https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/1385/2020/tc-14-1385-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | B. Jena A. N. Pillai Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean The Cryosphere |
| title | Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean |
| title_full | Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean |
| title_fullStr | Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean |
| title_short | Satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the Maud Rise polynya, Southern Ocean |
| title_sort | satellite observations of unprecedented phytoplankton blooms in the maud rise polynya southern ocean |
| url | https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/1385/2020/tc-14-1385-2020.pdf |
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