Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride Solution
Anodic layers have been grown on 304L stainless steel (304L SS) using two kinds of fluoride-free organic electrolytes. The replacement of NH<sub>4</sub>F for NaAlO<sub>2</sub> or Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> in the glycerol solution and the influence...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1892 |
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| author | Laura Patricia Domínguez-Jaimes María A. Arenas Ana Conde Beatriz Escobar-Morales Anabel Álvarez-Méndez Juan Manuel Hernández-López |
| author_facet | Laura Patricia Domínguez-Jaimes María A. Arenas Ana Conde Beatriz Escobar-Morales Anabel Álvarez-Méndez Juan Manuel Hernández-López |
| author_sort | Laura Patricia Domínguez-Jaimes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anodic layers have been grown on 304L stainless steel (304L SS) using two kinds of fluoride-free organic electrolytes. The replacement of NH<sub>4</sub>F for NaAlO<sub>2</sub> or Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> in the glycerol solution and the influence of the H<sub>2</sub>O concentration have been examined. The obtained anodic layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization tests. Here, it was found that, although the anodic layers fabricated within the NaAlO<sub>2</sub>-electrolyte and high H<sub>2</sub>O concentrations presented limited adherence to the substrate, the anodizing in the Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>-electrolyte and low H<sub>2</sub>O concentrations allowed the growth oxide layers, and even a type of ordered morphology was observed. Furthermore, the electrochemical tests in chloride solution determined low chemical stability and active behavior of oxide layers grown in NaAlO<sub>2</sub>-electrolyte. In contrast, the corrosion resistance was improved approximately one order of magnitude compared to the non-anodized 304L SS substrate for the anodizing treatment in glycerol, 0.05 M Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>, and 1.7 vol% H<sub>2</sub>O at 20 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 6 min. Thus, this anodizing condition offers insight into the sustainable growth of oxide layers with potential anti-corrosion properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:32:37Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:32:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7a1a49b63b14a8aa13c5f14f53f67b82023-11-23T23:20:32ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-03-01155189210.3390/ma15051892Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride SolutionLaura Patricia Domínguez-Jaimes0María A. Arenas1Ana Conde2Beatriz Escobar-Morales3Anabel Álvarez-Méndez4Juan Manuel Hernández-López5Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Avenida Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, MexicoDepartment of Surface Engineering Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research, CENIM-CSIC, Avda. Gregorio del Amo, 8, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Surface Engineering Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research, CENIM-CSIC, Avda. Gregorio del Amo, 8, 28040 Madrid, SpainCONACYT—Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Km 5, Mérida 97302, Yucatán, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Avenida Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Avenida Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, MexicoAnodic layers have been grown on 304L stainless steel (304L SS) using two kinds of fluoride-free organic electrolytes. The replacement of NH<sub>4</sub>F for NaAlO<sub>2</sub> or Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> in the glycerol solution and the influence of the H<sub>2</sub>O concentration have been examined. The obtained anodic layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization tests. Here, it was found that, although the anodic layers fabricated within the NaAlO<sub>2</sub>-electrolyte and high H<sub>2</sub>O concentrations presented limited adherence to the substrate, the anodizing in the Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>-electrolyte and low H<sub>2</sub>O concentrations allowed the growth oxide layers, and even a type of ordered morphology was observed. Furthermore, the electrochemical tests in chloride solution determined low chemical stability and active behavior of oxide layers grown in NaAlO<sub>2</sub>-electrolyte. In contrast, the corrosion resistance was improved approximately one order of magnitude compared to the non-anodized 304L SS substrate for the anodizing treatment in glycerol, 0.05 M Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>, and 1.7 vol% H<sub>2</sub>O at 20 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 6 min. Thus, this anodizing condition offers insight into the sustainable growth of oxide layers with potential anti-corrosion properties.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1892anodizingfluoride-free electrolytestainless steelcorrosion resistance |
| spellingShingle | Laura Patricia Domínguez-Jaimes María A. Arenas Ana Conde Beatriz Escobar-Morales Anabel Álvarez-Méndez Juan Manuel Hernández-López Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride Solution Materials anodizing fluoride-free electrolyte stainless steel corrosion resistance |
| title | Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride Solution |
| title_full | Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride Solution |
| title_fullStr | Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride Solution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride Solution |
| title_short | Growth of Anodic Layers on 304L Stainless Steel Using Fluoride Free Electrolytes and Their Electrochemical Behavior in Chloride Solution |
| title_sort | growth of anodic layers on 304l stainless steel using fluoride free electrolytes and their electrochemical behavior in chloride solution |
| topic | anodizing fluoride-free electrolyte stainless steel corrosion resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1892 |
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