Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children
Phonological processing has been postulated as a core area of deficit among children with dyslexia. Reduced brain activation during phonological processing in children with dyslexia has been observed in left-hemispheric temporoparietal regions. Musical training has shown positive associations with p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929317302645 |
| _version_ | 1819170962504941568 |
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| author | Jennifer Zuk Meaghan V. Perdue Bryce Becker Xi Yu Michelle Chang Nora Maria Raschle Nadine Gaab |
| author_facet | Jennifer Zuk Meaghan V. Perdue Bryce Becker Xi Yu Michelle Chang Nora Maria Raschle Nadine Gaab |
| author_sort | Jennifer Zuk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phonological processing has been postulated as a core area of deficit among children with dyslexia. Reduced brain activation during phonological processing in children with dyslexia has been observed in left-hemispheric temporoparietal regions. Musical training has shown positive associations with phonological processing abilities, but the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unspecified. The present research aims to distinguish neural correlates of phonological processing in school-age typically developing musically trained children, musically untrained children, and musically untrained children with dyslexia utilizing fMRI. A whole-brain ANCOVA, accounting for gender and nonverbal cognitive abilities, identified a main effect of group in bilateral temporoparietal regions. Subsequent region-of-interest analyses replicated temporoparietal hypoactivation in children with dyslexia relative to typically developing children. By contrast, musically trained children showed greater bilateral activation in temporoparietal regions when compared to each musically untrained group. Therefore, musical training shows associations with enhanced bilateral activation of left-hemispheric regions known to be important for reading. Findings suggest that engagement of these regions through musical training may underlie the putative positive effects of music on reading development. This supports the hypothesis that musical training may facilitate the development of a bilateral compensatory neural network, which aids children with atypical function in left-hemispheric temporoparietal regions. Keywords: Music training, fMRI, Children, Dyslexia, Phonological processing |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:43:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7aa8958d1c843a5ad674b72b443b675 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-9293 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:43:44Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7aa8958d1c843a5ad674b72b443b6752022-12-21T18:14:45ZengElsevierDevelopmental Cognitive Neuroscience1878-92932018-11-01348291Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained childrenJennifer Zuk0Meaghan V. Perdue1Bryce Becker2Xi Yu3Michelle Chang4Nora Maria Raschle5Nadine Gaab6Laboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USALaboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USALaboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USALaboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USALaboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USALaboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Basel, Psychiatric University Hospital, Basel, SwitzerlandLaboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Corresponding author at: 1 Autumn Street #643, Laboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.Phonological processing has been postulated as a core area of deficit among children with dyslexia. Reduced brain activation during phonological processing in children with dyslexia has been observed in left-hemispheric temporoparietal regions. Musical training has shown positive associations with phonological processing abilities, but the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unspecified. The present research aims to distinguish neural correlates of phonological processing in school-age typically developing musically trained children, musically untrained children, and musically untrained children with dyslexia utilizing fMRI. A whole-brain ANCOVA, accounting for gender and nonverbal cognitive abilities, identified a main effect of group in bilateral temporoparietal regions. Subsequent region-of-interest analyses replicated temporoparietal hypoactivation in children with dyslexia relative to typically developing children. By contrast, musically trained children showed greater bilateral activation in temporoparietal regions when compared to each musically untrained group. Therefore, musical training shows associations with enhanced bilateral activation of left-hemispheric regions known to be important for reading. Findings suggest that engagement of these regions through musical training may underlie the putative positive effects of music on reading development. This supports the hypothesis that musical training may facilitate the development of a bilateral compensatory neural network, which aids children with atypical function in left-hemispheric temporoparietal regions. Keywords: Music training, fMRI, Children, Dyslexia, Phonological processinghttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929317302645 |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer Zuk Meaghan V. Perdue Bryce Becker Xi Yu Michelle Chang Nora Maria Raschle Nadine Gaab Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| title | Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children |
| title_full | Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children |
| title_fullStr | Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children |
| title_short | Neural correlates of phonological processing: Disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children |
| title_sort | neural correlates of phonological processing disrupted in children with dyslexia and enhanced in musically trained children |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929317302645 |
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