Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus Infection
Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that regulates cellular homeostasis by removing damaged or unnecessary cells. Its importance in host defenses is highlighted by the observation that many viruses evade, obstruct, or subvert apoptosis, thereby blunting the host immune response. Infection w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/9/9/243 |
| _version_ | 1811231768774180864 |
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| author | Toru Okamoto Tatsuya Suzuki Shinji Kusakabe Makoto Tokunaga Junki Hirano Yuka Miyata Yoshiharu Matsuura |
| author_facet | Toru Okamoto Tatsuya Suzuki Shinji Kusakabe Makoto Tokunaga Junki Hirano Yuka Miyata Yoshiharu Matsuura |
| author_sort | Toru Okamoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that regulates cellular homeostasis by removing damaged or unnecessary cells. Its importance in host defenses is highlighted by the observation that many viruses evade, obstruct, or subvert apoptosis, thereby blunting the host immune response. Infection with Flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV) has been shown to activate several signaling pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress and AKT/PI3K pathway, resulting in activation or suppression of apoptosis in virus-infected cells. On the other hands, expression of some viral proteins induces or protects apoptosis. There is a discrepancy between induction and suppression of apoptosis during flavivirus infection because the experimental situation may be different, and strong links between apoptosis and other types of cell death such as necrosis may make it more difficult. In this paper, we review the effects of apoptosis on viral propagation and pathogenesis during infection with flaviviruses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:50:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7cc41e86cca45088bdd9dbefa781e18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:50:35Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7cc41e86cca45088bdd9dbefa781e182022-12-22T03:36:15ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152017-08-019924310.3390/v9090243v9090243Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus InfectionToru Okamoto0Tatsuya Suzuki1Shinji Kusakabe2Makoto Tokunaga3Junki Hirano4Yuka Miyata5Yoshiharu Matsuura6Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, JapanDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, JapanDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, JapanDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, JapanDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, JapanDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, JapanDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, JapanApoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that regulates cellular homeostasis by removing damaged or unnecessary cells. Its importance in host defenses is highlighted by the observation that many viruses evade, obstruct, or subvert apoptosis, thereby blunting the host immune response. Infection with Flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV) has been shown to activate several signaling pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress and AKT/PI3K pathway, resulting in activation or suppression of apoptosis in virus-infected cells. On the other hands, expression of some viral proteins induces or protects apoptosis. There is a discrepancy between induction and suppression of apoptosis during flavivirus infection because the experimental situation may be different, and strong links between apoptosis and other types of cell death such as necrosis may make it more difficult. In this paper, we review the effects of apoptosis on viral propagation and pathogenesis during infection with flaviviruses.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/9/9/243apoptosisB-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2)flavivirusdengue virusJapanese encephalitis virusWest Nile virus |
| spellingShingle | Toru Okamoto Tatsuya Suzuki Shinji Kusakabe Makoto Tokunaga Junki Hirano Yuka Miyata Yoshiharu Matsuura Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus Infection Viruses apoptosis B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) flavivirus dengue virus Japanese encephalitis virus West Nile virus |
| title | Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus Infection |
| title_full | Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus Infection |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus Infection |
| title_short | Regulation of Apoptosis during Flavivirus Infection |
| title_sort | regulation of apoptosis during flavivirus infection |
| topic | apoptosis B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) flavivirus dengue virus Japanese encephalitis virus West Nile virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/9/9/243 |
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