In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease causing loss of articular cartilage and structural damage in all joint tissues. Given the limited regenerative capacity of articular cartilage, methods to support the native structural properties of articular cartilage are highly anticipated. The a...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/7/767 |
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| author | Hannah Köck Birgit Striegl Annalena Kraus Magdalena Zborilova Silke Christiansen Nicole Schäfer Susanne Grässel Helga Hornberger |
| author_facet | Hannah Köck Birgit Striegl Annalena Kraus Magdalena Zborilova Silke Christiansen Nicole Schäfer Susanne Grässel Helga Hornberger |
| author_sort | Hannah Köck |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease causing loss of articular cartilage and structural damage in all joint tissues. Given the limited regenerative capacity of articular cartilage, methods to support the native structural properties of articular cartilage are highly anticipated. The aim of this study was to infiltrate zwitterionic monomer solutions into human OA-cartilage explants to replace lost proteoglycans. The study included polymerization and deposition of methacryloyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine- and a novel sulfobetaine-methacrylate-based monomer solution within ex vivo human OA-cartilage explants and the encapsulation of isolated chondrocytes within hydrogels and the corresponding effects on chondrocyte viability. The results demonstrated that zwitterionic cartilage–hydrogel networks are formed by infiltration. In general, cytotoxic effects of the monomer solutions were observed, as was a time-dependent infiltration behavior into the tissue accompanied by increasing cell death and penetration depth. The successful deposition of zwitterionic hydrogels within OA cartilage identifies the infiltration method as a potential future therapeutic option for the repair/replacement of OA-cartilage extracellular suprastructure. Due to the toxic effects of the monomer solutions, the focus should be on sealing the OA-cartilage surface, instead of complete infiltration. An alternative treatment option for focal cartilage defects could be the usage of monomer solutions, especially the novel generated sulfobetaine-methacrylate-based monomer solution, as bionic for cell-based 3D bioprintable hydrogels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:18:09Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f7d23419c2b14950bae8037b0596c8b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:18:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7d23419c2b14950bae8037b0596c8b22023-11-18T18:21:04ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542023-06-0110776710.3390/bioengineering10070767In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated ChondrocytesHannah Köck0Birgit Striegl1Annalena Kraus2Magdalena Zborilova3Silke Christiansen4Nicole Schäfer5Susanne Grässel6Helga Hornberger7Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH), 93053 Regensburg, GermanyRegensburg Center of Biomedical Engineering (RCBE), Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) and University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyInstitute for Nanotechnology and Correlative Microscopy eV INAM, 91301 Forchheim, GermanyDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyInstitute for Nanotechnology and Correlative Microscopy eV INAM, 91301 Forchheim, GermanyDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB/Biopark 1), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB/Biopark 1), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyBiomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH), 93053 Regensburg, GermanyOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease causing loss of articular cartilage and structural damage in all joint tissues. Given the limited regenerative capacity of articular cartilage, methods to support the native structural properties of articular cartilage are highly anticipated. The aim of this study was to infiltrate zwitterionic monomer solutions into human OA-cartilage explants to replace lost proteoglycans. The study included polymerization and deposition of methacryloyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine- and a novel sulfobetaine-methacrylate-based monomer solution within ex vivo human OA-cartilage explants and the encapsulation of isolated chondrocytes within hydrogels and the corresponding effects on chondrocyte viability. The results demonstrated that zwitterionic cartilage–hydrogel networks are formed by infiltration. In general, cytotoxic effects of the monomer solutions were observed, as was a time-dependent infiltration behavior into the tissue accompanied by increasing cell death and penetration depth. The successful deposition of zwitterionic hydrogels within OA cartilage identifies the infiltration method as a potential future therapeutic option for the repair/replacement of OA-cartilage extracellular suprastructure. Due to the toxic effects of the monomer solutions, the focus should be on sealing the OA-cartilage surface, instead of complete infiltration. An alternative treatment option for focal cartilage defects could be the usage of monomer solutions, especially the novel generated sulfobetaine-methacrylate-based monomer solution, as bionic for cell-based 3D bioprintable hydrogels.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/7/767osteoarthritishuman articular cartilagechondrocytesinfiltrationzwitterionic monomershydrogels |
| spellingShingle | Hannah Köck Birgit Striegl Annalena Kraus Magdalena Zborilova Silke Christiansen Nicole Schäfer Susanne Grässel Helga Hornberger In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes Bioengineering osteoarthritis human articular cartilage chondrocytes infiltration zwitterionic monomers hydrogels |
| title | In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes |
| title_full | In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes |
| title_short | In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes |
| title_sort | in vitro analysis of human cartilage infiltrated by hydrogels and hydrogel encapsulated chondrocytes |
| topic | osteoarthritis human articular cartilage chondrocytes infiltration zwitterionic monomers hydrogels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/7/767 |
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