Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical Appraisal
Epigenetics are the heritable changes in gene expression patterns which occur without altering DNA sequence. These changes are reversible and do not change the sequence of the DNA but can alter the way in which the DNA sequences are read. Epigenetic modifications are induced by DNA methylation, hist...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.819941/full |
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| author | Priyanka Kumari Sajid Khan Ishfaq Ahmad Wani Renu Gupta Susheel Verma Pravej Alam Abdullah Alaklabi |
| author_facet | Priyanka Kumari Sajid Khan Ishfaq Ahmad Wani Renu Gupta Susheel Verma Pravej Alam Abdullah Alaklabi |
| author_sort | Priyanka Kumari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epigenetics are the heritable changes in gene expression patterns which occur without altering DNA sequence. These changes are reversible and do not change the sequence of the DNA but can alter the way in which the DNA sequences are read. Epigenetic modifications are induced by DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA-mediated mechanisms which alter the gene expression, primarily at the transcriptional level. Such alterations do control genome activity through transcriptional silencing of transposable elements thereby contributing toward genome stability. Plants being sessile in nature are highly susceptible to the extremes of changing environmental conditions. This increases the likelihood of epigenetic modifications within the composite network of genes that affect the developmental changes of a plant species. Genetic and epigenetic reprogramming enhances the growth and development, imparts phenotypic plasticity, and also ensures flowering under stress conditions without changing the genotype for several generations. Epigenetic modifications hold an immense significance during the development of male and female gametophytes, fertilization, embryogenesis, fruit formation, and seed germination. In this review, we focus on the mechanism of epigenetic modifications and their dynamic role in maintaining the genomic integrity during plant development and reproduction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:30:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7d2cced06f842f395af2f99aad6bbf0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:30:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7d2cced06f842f395af2f99aad6bbf02022-12-22T02:09:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212022-05-011310.3389/fgene.2022.819941819941Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical AppraisalPriyanka Kumari0Sajid Khan1Ishfaq Ahmad Wani2Renu Gupta3Susheel Verma4Pravej Alam5Abdullah Alaklabi6Conservation and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Botany, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, IndiaConservation and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Botany, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, IndiaConservation and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Botany, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, IndiaDivision of Soil Sciences & Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chatha, IndiaDepartment of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, IndiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi ArabiaEpigenetics are the heritable changes in gene expression patterns which occur without altering DNA sequence. These changes are reversible and do not change the sequence of the DNA but can alter the way in which the DNA sequences are read. Epigenetic modifications are induced by DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA-mediated mechanisms which alter the gene expression, primarily at the transcriptional level. Such alterations do control genome activity through transcriptional silencing of transposable elements thereby contributing toward genome stability. Plants being sessile in nature are highly susceptible to the extremes of changing environmental conditions. This increases the likelihood of epigenetic modifications within the composite network of genes that affect the developmental changes of a plant species. Genetic and epigenetic reprogramming enhances the growth and development, imparts phenotypic plasticity, and also ensures flowering under stress conditions without changing the genotype for several generations. Epigenetic modifications hold an immense significance during the development of male and female gametophytes, fertilization, embryogenesis, fruit formation, and seed germination. In this review, we focus on the mechanism of epigenetic modifications and their dynamic role in maintaining the genomic integrity during plant development and reproduction.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.819941/fullepigenetic modificationDNA methylationhistone proteinsstress responseplant hormonestransposon silencing |
| spellingShingle | Priyanka Kumari Sajid Khan Ishfaq Ahmad Wani Renu Gupta Susheel Verma Pravej Alam Abdullah Alaklabi Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical Appraisal Frontiers in Genetics epigenetic modification DNA methylation histone proteins stress response plant hormones transposon silencing |
| title | Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_full | Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_fullStr | Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_short | Unravelling the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Development and Reproduction of Angiosperms: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_sort | unravelling the role of epigenetic modifications in development and reproduction of angiosperms a critical appraisal |
| topic | epigenetic modification DNA methylation histone proteins stress response plant hormones transposon silencing |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.819941/full |
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