Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering
This study investigates the sintering behaviour and properties of WC-based composites in which WC was mixed with W5vol%Ni in concentrations of 10vol% and 20vol%. Colloidal processing in water and spark plasma sintering were employed to disperse the WC particles and facilitate sintering. The addition...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4584 |
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| author | Ahmed-Ameur Zegai Hossein Besharatloo Pablo Ortega Boubekeur Djerdjare Begoña Ferrari Antonio Javier Sanchez-Herencia |
| author_facet | Ahmed-Ameur Zegai Hossein Besharatloo Pablo Ortega Boubekeur Djerdjare Begoña Ferrari Antonio Javier Sanchez-Herencia |
| author_sort | Ahmed-Ameur Zegai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates the sintering behaviour and properties of WC-based composites in which WC was mixed with W5vol%Ni in concentrations of 10vol% and 20vol%. Colloidal processing in water and spark plasma sintering were employed to disperse the WC particles and facilitate sintering. The addition of W5vol%Ni improved the sintering process, as evident from a lower onset temperature of shrinkage determined through dilatometric studies. All samples exhibited the formation of tungsten monocarbide (W<sub>2</sub>C), with a more pronounced presence in the WC/20(W5vol%Ni) composite. Sintering reached its maximum rate at 1550 °C and was completed at 1600 °C, resulting in a final density exceeding 99.8%. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the detection of WC and W<sub>2</sub>C phases after sintering. The observed WC content was higher than expected, which may be attributed to carbon diffusion during the process. Macro-scale mechanical characterisations revealed that the WC/10(W5vol%Ni) composite exhibited a hardness of 18.9 GPa, while the WC/20(W5vol%Ni) composite demonstrated a hardness of 18.3 GPa. Increasing the W5vol%Ni binder content caused a decrease in mechanical properties due to the formation of W<sub>2</sub>C phases. This study provides valuable insights into the sintering behavior and properties of WC/W5vol%Ni composites, offering potential applications in extreme environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:36:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7d69d8f11234e429aec08009933965e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:36:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7d69d8f11234e429aec08009933965e2023-11-18T16:56:52ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-06-011613458410.3390/ma16134584Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma SinteringAhmed-Ameur Zegai0Hossein Besharatloo1Pablo Ortega2Boubekeur Djerdjare3Begoña Ferrari4Antonio Javier Sanchez-Herencia5Laboratory of Materials Sciences and Engineering (LSGM), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algiers, AlgeriaInstituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC, Calle Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC, Calle Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, SpainLaboratory of Materials Sciences and Engineering (LSGM), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algiers, AlgeriaInstituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC, Calle Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC, Calle Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, SpainThis study investigates the sintering behaviour and properties of WC-based composites in which WC was mixed with W5vol%Ni in concentrations of 10vol% and 20vol%. Colloidal processing in water and spark plasma sintering were employed to disperse the WC particles and facilitate sintering. The addition of W5vol%Ni improved the sintering process, as evident from a lower onset temperature of shrinkage determined through dilatometric studies. All samples exhibited the formation of tungsten monocarbide (W<sub>2</sub>C), with a more pronounced presence in the WC/20(W5vol%Ni) composite. Sintering reached its maximum rate at 1550 °C and was completed at 1600 °C, resulting in a final density exceeding 99.8%. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the detection of WC and W<sub>2</sub>C phases after sintering. The observed WC content was higher than expected, which may be attributed to carbon diffusion during the process. Macro-scale mechanical characterisations revealed that the WC/10(W5vol%Ni) composite exhibited a hardness of 18.9 GPa, while the WC/20(W5vol%Ni) composite demonstrated a hardness of 18.3 GPa. Increasing the W5vol%Ni binder content caused a decrease in mechanical properties due to the formation of W<sub>2</sub>C phases. This study provides valuable insights into the sintering behavior and properties of WC/W5vol%Ni composites, offering potential applications in extreme environments.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4584tungsten carbidecolloidal processingspark plasma sinteringsintering aidmicrostructural characterisationmechanical characterization |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed-Ameur Zegai Hossein Besharatloo Pablo Ortega Boubekeur Djerdjare Begoña Ferrari Antonio Javier Sanchez-Herencia Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering Materials tungsten carbide colloidal processing spark plasma sintering sintering aid microstructural characterisation mechanical characterization |
| title | Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_full | Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_fullStr | Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_short | Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_sort | microstructural and mechanical characterization of colloidal processed wc w5vol ni via spark plasma sintering |
| topic | tungsten carbide colloidal processing spark plasma sintering sintering aid microstructural characterisation mechanical characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4584 |
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