From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections
Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern, at least partly due to the misuse of antibiotics. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant infections in the community has shifted at-risk populations into the general population. Numerous case–control studies attempt to better und...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/2/201 |
| _version_ | 1797483439102885888 |
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| author | Salam Abbara Didier Guillemot Christian Brun-Buisson Laurence Watier |
| author_facet | Salam Abbara Didier Guillemot Christian Brun-Buisson Laurence Watier |
| author_sort | Salam Abbara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern, at least partly due to the misuse of antibiotics. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant infections in the community has shifted at-risk populations into the general population. Numerous case–control studies attempt to better understand the link between antibiotic use and antibiotic-resistant community-onset infections. We review the designs of such studies, focusing on community-onset bloodstream and urinary tract infections. We highlight their methodological heterogeneity in the key points related to the antibiotic exposure, the population and design. We show the impact of this heterogeneity on study results, through the example of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae. Finally, we emphasize the need for the greater standardization of such studies and discuss how the definition of a pathophysiological hypothesis specific to the bacteria–resistance pair studied is an important prerequisite to clarify the design of future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:46:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7efbbbdf13f403c8be05be39757e808 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:46:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7efbbbdf13f403c8be05be39757e8082023-11-23T18:28:06ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-02-0111220110.3390/antibiotics11020201From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset InfectionsSalam Abbara0Didier Guillemot1Christian Brun-Buisson2Laurence Watier3Anti-Infective Evasion and Pharmacoepidemiology Team, Inserm, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, CESP, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, FranceAnti-Infective Evasion and Pharmacoepidemiology Team, Inserm, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, CESP, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, FranceAnti-Infective Evasion and Pharmacoepidemiology Team, Inserm, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, CESP, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, FranceAnti-Infective Evasion and Pharmacoepidemiology Team, Inserm, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, CESP, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, FranceAntimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern, at least partly due to the misuse of antibiotics. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant infections in the community has shifted at-risk populations into the general population. Numerous case–control studies attempt to better understand the link between antibiotic use and antibiotic-resistant community-onset infections. We review the designs of such studies, focusing on community-onset bloodstream and urinary tract infections. We highlight their methodological heterogeneity in the key points related to the antibiotic exposure, the population and design. We show the impact of this heterogeneity on study results, through the example of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae. Finally, we emphasize the need for the greater standardization of such studies and discuss how the definition of a pathophysiological hypothesis specific to the bacteria–resistance pair studied is an important prerequisite to clarify the design of future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/2/201drug resistancemicrobialcase–control studiesrisk factorsanti-bacterial agentspublic health |
| spellingShingle | Salam Abbara Didier Guillemot Christian Brun-Buisson Laurence Watier From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections Antibiotics drug resistance microbial case–control studies risk factors anti-bacterial agents public health |
| title | From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections |
| title_full | From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections |
| title_fullStr | From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections |
| title_short | From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case–Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections |
| title_sort | from pathophysiological hypotheses to case control study design resistance from antibiotic exposure in community onset infections |
| topic | drug resistance microbial case–control studies risk factors anti-bacterial agents public health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/2/201 |
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