Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov Modelling
Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) rely on sensing of the licensed spectrum of a primary network to dynamically ascertain underutilized portion of the spectrum, thus affording additional communication opportunities. In a CRN, a single homogeneous spectrum access, such as interweave only deprives the se...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4120 |
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| author | Atif Shakeel Riaz Hussain Adeel Iqbal Irfan Latif Khan Qadeer ul Hasan Shahzad Ali Malik |
| author_facet | Atif Shakeel Riaz Hussain Adeel Iqbal Irfan Latif Khan Qadeer ul Hasan Shahzad Ali Malik |
| author_sort | Atif Shakeel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) rely on sensing of the licensed spectrum of a primary network to dynamically ascertain underutilized portion of the spectrum, thus affording additional communication opportunities. In a CRN, a single homogeneous spectrum access, such as interweave only deprives the secondary users (SUs) of channel access during handoff, particularly at high primary network traffic. Therefore, providing quality-of-service (QoS) to multi-class SUs with diverse delay requirements during handoff becomes a challenging task. In this paper, we have evolved a Markov-based analytical model to ascertain the gain in non-switching spectrum handoff scheme for multi-class SUs employing hybrid interweave-underlay spectrum access strategy. To satisfy the QoS requirements of the delay-sensitive traffic, we have analyzed the impact of hybrid spectrum access scheme for prioritized multi-class SUs traffic. The results show substantial improvement in spectrum utilization, average system throughput and extended data delivery time compared to conventional CRN using interweave only spectrum access. This demonstrates the suitability of the proposed scheme towards meeting QoS requirements of the delay-sensitive SU traffic while improving the overall performance for delay-tolerant SU traffic as well. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:21:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7f3d9e2269147b48a333401372540ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:21:22Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7f3d9e2269147b48a333401372540ca2022-12-22T02:15:18ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-09-011919412010.3390/s19194120s19194120Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov ModellingAtif Shakeel0Riaz Hussain1Adeel Iqbal2Irfan Latif Khan3Qadeer ul Hasan4Shahzad Ali Malik5Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, PakistanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, PakistanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, PakistanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, PakistanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, PakistanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, PakistanCognitive radio networks (CRNs) rely on sensing of the licensed spectrum of a primary network to dynamically ascertain underutilized portion of the spectrum, thus affording additional communication opportunities. In a CRN, a single homogeneous spectrum access, such as interweave only deprives the secondary users (SUs) of channel access during handoff, particularly at high primary network traffic. Therefore, providing quality-of-service (QoS) to multi-class SUs with diverse delay requirements during handoff becomes a challenging task. In this paper, we have evolved a Markov-based analytical model to ascertain the gain in non-switching spectrum handoff scheme for multi-class SUs employing hybrid interweave-underlay spectrum access strategy. To satisfy the QoS requirements of the delay-sensitive traffic, we have analyzed the impact of hybrid spectrum access scheme for prioritized multi-class SUs traffic. The results show substantial improvement in spectrum utilization, average system throughput and extended data delivery time compared to conventional CRN using interweave only spectrum access. This demonstrates the suitability of the proposed scheme towards meeting QoS requirements of the delay-sensitive SU traffic while improving the overall performance for delay-tolerant SU traffic as well.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4120cognitive radiocontinuous time Markov chaindelay-sensitiveextended data delivery timehybrid interweave-underlay spectrum accessquality of servicespectrum handoff |
| spellingShingle | Atif Shakeel Riaz Hussain Adeel Iqbal Irfan Latif Khan Qadeer ul Hasan Shahzad Ali Malik Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov Modelling Sensors cognitive radio continuous time Markov chain delay-sensitive extended data delivery time hybrid interweave-underlay spectrum access quality of service spectrum handoff |
| title | Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov Modelling |
| title_full | Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov Modelling |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov Modelling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov Modelling |
| title_short | Analysis of Efficient Spectrum Handoff in a Multi-Class Hybrid Spectrum Access Cognitive Radio Network Using Markov Modelling |
| title_sort | analysis of efficient spectrum handoff in a multi class hybrid spectrum access cognitive radio network using markov modelling |
| topic | cognitive radio continuous time Markov chain delay-sensitive extended data delivery time hybrid interweave-underlay spectrum access quality of service spectrum handoff |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4120 |
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