Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis
Synthetic nitrogen fertilizer substitution (NSS) with different types of organic material is a cleaner agricultural practice for reducing the application of synthetic N input in farmlands while also relieving the environmental issues caused by the discharge of organic wastes. However, the effects of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2429 |
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| author | Xiaoru Fan Zekai Chen Zihan Niu Ruiyao Zeng Jingmin Ou Xingxing Liu Xiaolong Wang |
| author_facet | Xiaoru Fan Zekai Chen Zihan Niu Ruiyao Zeng Jingmin Ou Xingxing Liu Xiaolong Wang |
| author_sort | Xiaoru Fan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Synthetic nitrogen fertilizer substitution (NSS) with different types of organic material is a cleaner agricultural practice for reducing the application of synthetic N input in farmlands while also relieving the environmental issues caused by the discharge of organic wastes. However, the effects of the NSS practice on crop yields, being the primary objective of agricultural activity, is still uncertain in China. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impacts of the NSS practices with different types of organic materials on crop yields. Results showed that the average crop yield was increased by 3.4%, with significant differences under NSS, thereby demonstrating that this practice contributed to improving crop yields, especially of rice and maize. According to published reports, the NSS practices involving chicken manure, pig manure, and crop straw increased crop yields by 4.79, 7.68, and 3.28%, respectively, with significant differences, thus demonstrating the superior effects needed for replacing synthetic N fertilizer. Moreover, substitution ratios (SR) between 0% and 60% could be suggested when using the NSS practice, with the high SR recommended when the original soil fertility was adequate for crops. Considering the long-term effects of applied organic materials, improving the grain yield with the NSS practice should be expected in the long-term. By effectively applying the NSS, this study attempted to scientifically decide on the type of organic materials and the appropriate SR based on the conditions of the soil and the crop. The results provide research information for the development of clean agricultural production and food security in China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:41:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f80608d01129431da4a32894a478de49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:41:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-f80608d01129431da4a32894a478de492023-11-23T03:21:44ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-11-011112242910.3390/agronomy11122429Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-AnalysisXiaoru Fan0Zekai Chen1Zihan Niu2Ruiyao Zeng3Jingmin Ou4Xingxing Liu5Xiaolong Wang6College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaSynthetic nitrogen fertilizer substitution (NSS) with different types of organic material is a cleaner agricultural practice for reducing the application of synthetic N input in farmlands while also relieving the environmental issues caused by the discharge of organic wastes. However, the effects of the NSS practice on crop yields, being the primary objective of agricultural activity, is still uncertain in China. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impacts of the NSS practices with different types of organic materials on crop yields. Results showed that the average crop yield was increased by 3.4%, with significant differences under NSS, thereby demonstrating that this practice contributed to improving crop yields, especially of rice and maize. According to published reports, the NSS practices involving chicken manure, pig manure, and crop straw increased crop yields by 4.79, 7.68, and 3.28%, respectively, with significant differences, thus demonstrating the superior effects needed for replacing synthetic N fertilizer. Moreover, substitution ratios (SR) between 0% and 60% could be suggested when using the NSS practice, with the high SR recommended when the original soil fertility was adequate for crops. Considering the long-term effects of applied organic materials, improving the grain yield with the NSS practice should be expected in the long-term. By effectively applying the NSS, this study attempted to scientifically decide on the type of organic materials and the appropriate SR based on the conditions of the soil and the crop. The results provide research information for the development of clean agricultural production and food security in China.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2429organic materialssynthetic N fertilizergrain yieldmeta-analysisChina |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoru Fan Zekai Chen Zihan Niu Ruiyao Zeng Jingmin Ou Xingxing Liu Xiaolong Wang Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis Agronomy organic materials synthetic N fertilizer grain yield meta-analysis China |
| title | Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | replacing synthetic nitrogen fertilizer with different types of organic materials improves grain yield in china a meta analysis |
| topic | organic materials synthetic N fertilizer grain yield meta-analysis China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2429 |
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