Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in Croatia
The canine distemper virus (CDV), a paramyxovirus that is closely related to the human measles virus and rinderpest virus of cattle, is a highly contagious viral disease in dogs and wild carnivores worldwide. CDV represents a serious threat to domestic and wild animals, especially to the conservatio...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/6/833 |
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| author | Jelena Prpić Ivana Lojkić Tomislav Keros Nina Krešić Lorena Jemeršić |
| author_facet | Jelena Prpić Ivana Lojkić Tomislav Keros Nina Krešić Lorena Jemeršić |
| author_sort | Jelena Prpić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The canine distemper virus (CDV), a paramyxovirus that is closely related to the human measles virus and rinderpest virus of cattle, is a highly contagious viral disease in dogs and wild carnivores worldwide. CDV represents a serious threat to domestic and wild animals, especially to the conservation of endangered wild carnivores. Our study aims to investigate the occurrence of CDV in free-living wild canines in Croatia. For this purpose, 176 red foxes and 24 jackal brain samples collected in the frame of the active surveillance of rabies during winter 2021/2022 were tested. This study provided the first comprehensive overview of the prevalence and spatial distribution of CDV in the wildlife of Croatia, including the molecular phylogenetic analysis of the H gene sequence of field CDV strains circulating in red fox and jackal populations of Croatia. The molecular characterization of hemagglutinin gene genomic regions confirmed the phylogenetic clustering of obtained sequences into the Europa 1 genotype. The obtained CDV red fox sequences were mutually very similar (97.60%). This study indicates the high genetic similarity of Croatian CDV red fox sequences and CDV red fox sequences from Italy and Germany, badger sequences from Germany, polecat sequences from Hungary, and dog sequences from Hungary and Germany. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:04:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f80981634f4049638c69f82d5fe5e8b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:04:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-f80981634f4049638c69f82d5fe5e8b12023-11-18T12:00:35ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-06-0112683310.3390/pathogens12060833Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in CroatiaJelena Prpić0Ivana Lojkić1Tomislav Keros2Nina Krešić3Lorena Jemeršić4Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaThe canine distemper virus (CDV), a paramyxovirus that is closely related to the human measles virus and rinderpest virus of cattle, is a highly contagious viral disease in dogs and wild carnivores worldwide. CDV represents a serious threat to domestic and wild animals, especially to the conservation of endangered wild carnivores. Our study aims to investigate the occurrence of CDV in free-living wild canines in Croatia. For this purpose, 176 red foxes and 24 jackal brain samples collected in the frame of the active surveillance of rabies during winter 2021/2022 were tested. This study provided the first comprehensive overview of the prevalence and spatial distribution of CDV in the wildlife of Croatia, including the molecular phylogenetic analysis of the H gene sequence of field CDV strains circulating in red fox and jackal populations of Croatia. The molecular characterization of hemagglutinin gene genomic regions confirmed the phylogenetic clustering of obtained sequences into the Europa 1 genotype. The obtained CDV red fox sequences were mutually very similar (97.60%). This study indicates the high genetic similarity of Croatian CDV red fox sequences and CDV red fox sequences from Italy and Germany, badger sequences from Germany, polecat sequences from Hungary, and dog sequences from Hungary and Germany.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/6/833canine distemper virusreal-timeRT-PCRphylogenetic analysiswild canids |
| spellingShingle | Jelena Prpić Ivana Lojkić Tomislav Keros Nina Krešić Lorena Jemeršić Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in Croatia Pathogens canine distemper virus real-time RT-PCR phylogenetic analysis wild canids |
| title | Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in Croatia |
| title_full | Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in Croatia |
| title_fullStr | Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in Croatia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in Croatia |
| title_short | Canine Distemper Virus Infection in the Free-Living Wild Canines, the Red Fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and Jackal (<i>Canis aureus moreoticus</i>), in Croatia |
| title_sort | canine distemper virus infection in the free living wild canines the red fox i vulpes vulpes i and jackal i canis aureus moreoticus i in croatia |
| topic | canine distemper virus real-time RT-PCR phylogenetic analysis wild canids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/6/833 |
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