Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill.
Chestnut forests are undergoing increasing heat stress due to the current global warming, but little is known about the physiology and biochemistry responses of Castanea sativa Mill. to heat or whether differences exist between populations. Six-month-old seedlings from three climatically contrasting...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Forests and Global Change |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2022.1072661/full |
| _version_ | 1797956990016684032 |
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| author | Javier F. Dorado Glória Pinto Pedro Monteiro Natividad Chaves Juan Carlos Alías Sara Rodrigo Álvaro Camisón Álvaro Camisón Alejandro Solla |
| author_facet | Javier F. Dorado Glória Pinto Pedro Monteiro Natividad Chaves Juan Carlos Alías Sara Rodrigo Álvaro Camisón Álvaro Camisón Alejandro Solla |
| author_sort | Javier F. Dorado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chestnut forests are undergoing increasing heat stress due to the current global warming, but little is known about the physiology and biochemistry responses of Castanea sativa Mill. to heat or whether differences exist between populations. Six-month-old seedlings from three climatically contrasting populations of C. sativa (from the north, centre, and south of Spain) were subjected to control and heat stress conditions for 7 days. The effects of heat stress on seedlings and their recovery (10 days after heat stress) were described by assessment of visible symptoms, growth, mortality, and leaf gas exchange of plants, quantification of compounds involved in the primary and secondary metabolism, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. In response to stress, plant biomass decreased, and plant biochemistry altered depending on the tissue and the population. Major alterations in the primary metabolism of stressed plants occurred in leaves, characterized by increased levels of soluble sugars, nitrogen, and proline, and depletion of starch. Increased levels of soluble sugars and starch depletion occurred mostly in seedlings from the southern population, while proline increase occurred only in the northern population. Secondary metabolism of seedlings experienced the highest variation below ground, and roots of heat-stressed plants increased the content of phenolic compounds. LC-MS analysis permitted identification and quantification of six compounds induced by heat, five of which were detected in the roots. Differential biochemistry responses to heat stress were observed among populations. At recovery, most of the altered parameters had returned to control conditions, suggesting high resilience to heat stress in this Mediterranean tree species. This is the first study to address the effects of heat stress on the physiology and biochemistry of C. sativa and their interpopulation variability. Most parameters were significantly influenced by the interaction of population and heat treatment, indicating that genetic differentiation controlled the phenotypic differences of C. sativa in response to heat stress. Extensive genetic variation in plasticity in physiological and biochemical parameters in response to heat stress reveals an opportunity for chestnut for global warming-mediated selection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:57:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f80def7ac57948ff874ba84800ee9961 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-893X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:57:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Forests and Global Change |
| spelling | doaj.art-f80def7ac57948ff874ba84800ee99612023-01-10T12:30:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Forests and Global Change2624-893X2023-01-01510.3389/ffgc.2022.10726611072661Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill.Javier F. Dorado0Glória Pinto1Pedro Monteiro2Natividad Chaves3Juan Carlos Alías4Sara Rodrigo5Álvaro Camisón6Álvaro Camisón7Alejandro Solla8Faculty of Forestry, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, SpainCentre of Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, PortugalCentre of Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, PortugalDepartment of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, SpainDepartment of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, SpainSchool of Agricultural Engineering, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, SpainFaculty of Forestry, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, SpainCentre of Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, PortugalFaculty of Forestry, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, SpainChestnut forests are undergoing increasing heat stress due to the current global warming, but little is known about the physiology and biochemistry responses of Castanea sativa Mill. to heat or whether differences exist between populations. Six-month-old seedlings from three climatically contrasting populations of C. sativa (from the north, centre, and south of Spain) were subjected to control and heat stress conditions for 7 days. The effects of heat stress on seedlings and their recovery (10 days after heat stress) were described by assessment of visible symptoms, growth, mortality, and leaf gas exchange of plants, quantification of compounds involved in the primary and secondary metabolism, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. In response to stress, plant biomass decreased, and plant biochemistry altered depending on the tissue and the population. Major alterations in the primary metabolism of stressed plants occurred in leaves, characterized by increased levels of soluble sugars, nitrogen, and proline, and depletion of starch. Increased levels of soluble sugars and starch depletion occurred mostly in seedlings from the southern population, while proline increase occurred only in the northern population. Secondary metabolism of seedlings experienced the highest variation below ground, and roots of heat-stressed plants increased the content of phenolic compounds. LC-MS analysis permitted identification and quantification of six compounds induced by heat, five of which were detected in the roots. Differential biochemistry responses to heat stress were observed among populations. At recovery, most of the altered parameters had returned to control conditions, suggesting high resilience to heat stress in this Mediterranean tree species. This is the first study to address the effects of heat stress on the physiology and biochemistry of C. sativa and their interpopulation variability. Most parameters were significantly influenced by the interaction of population and heat treatment, indicating that genetic differentiation controlled the phenotypic differences of C. sativa in response to heat stress. Extensive genetic variation in plasticity in physiological and biochemical parameters in response to heat stress reveals an opportunity for chestnut for global warming-mediated selection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2022.1072661/fullabiotic stressheat waveisorhamnetinLC-MSplant stressprimary metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Javier F. Dorado Glória Pinto Pedro Monteiro Natividad Chaves Juan Carlos Alías Sara Rodrigo Álvaro Camisón Álvaro Camisón Alejandro Solla Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change abiotic stress heat wave isorhamnetin LC-MS plant stress primary metabolism |
| title | Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill. |
| title_full | Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill. |
| title_fullStr | Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill. |
| title_short | Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill. |
| title_sort | heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of castanea sativa mill |
| topic | abiotic stress heat wave isorhamnetin LC-MS plant stress primary metabolism |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2022.1072661/full |
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