| Summary: | Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide. Hyperglycemia generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to diabetic complications, especially in DN. Sodium Tungstate (NaW) is an effective antidiabetic agent for short and long-term treatments of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes models. In this study, we evaluated the effect of NaW on ROS production in bovine neutrophils incubated with platelet-activating factor (PAF) and in HK-2 cells induced by high glucose or H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. In addition, we evaluated the effect on iNOS expression in the type 1 diabetic rat model induced with streptozotocin (STZ). NaW inhibited ROS production in PAF-induced bovine neutrophils, and human tubular cells (HK-2) were incubated in high glucose or H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. In addition, NaW inhibited iNOS expression in glomeruli and tubular cells in the type 1 diabetic rat. This study demonstrates a new role for NaW as an active antioxidant and its potential use in treating DN.
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