Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findings
Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. The histopathological changes in AD include amyloid β‐protein (Aβ) deposition, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Some of the pathological changes could be shown in vivo by positron emission tomography...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | View |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/VIW.20230025 |
| _version_ | 1827787578401619968 |
|---|---|
| author | Yan Zhang Chenpeng Zhang Jianjun Liu Hongda Shao |
| author_facet | Yan Zhang Chenpeng Zhang Jianjun Liu Hongda Shao |
| author_sort | Yan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. The histopathological changes in AD include amyloid β‐protein (Aβ) deposition, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Some of the pathological changes could be shown in vivo by positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers, which play a key role in diagnosing AD. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) can reflect and predict dysfunction. Aβ‐PET is sensitive for the diagnosis of early AD but cannot distinguish the severity of AD. Tau‐PET can compensate for the deficiency of Aβ‐PET. Tau tangles are positively correlated with the severity of AD and associated with cognitive impairment. Probes targeting neuroinflammation in AD have been developed, but further study is needed to validate their effectiveness. Conventional MRI performs high tissue contrast that can show structural changes and has been routinely applied in clinical practice, such as in the evaluation of cerebral atrophy. Advanced MRI sequences (such as diffusion tensor imaging, arterial spin labeling, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood oxygenation level dependent, and quantitative susceptibility mapping) can provide additional information beyond structure that includes brain microstructure, blood perfusion, metabolite concentration, brain activity, connections and networks between brain regions, iron deposition, etc. Integrated PET and MRI may improve the diagnostic efficiency of AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:51:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f81f828aa430415ca8fa448598caada7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2688-3988 2688-268X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:51:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | View |
| spelling | doaj.art-f81f828aa430415ca8fa448598caada72023-10-21T07:46:14ZengWileyView2688-39882688-268X2023-10-0145n/an/a10.1002/VIW.20230025Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findingsYan Zhang0Chenpeng Zhang1Jianjun Liu2Hongda Shao3Department of Nuclear Medicine Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaAbstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. The histopathological changes in AD include amyloid β‐protein (Aβ) deposition, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Some of the pathological changes could be shown in vivo by positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers, which play a key role in diagnosing AD. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) can reflect and predict dysfunction. Aβ‐PET is sensitive for the diagnosis of early AD but cannot distinguish the severity of AD. Tau‐PET can compensate for the deficiency of Aβ‐PET. Tau tangles are positively correlated with the severity of AD and associated with cognitive impairment. Probes targeting neuroinflammation in AD have been developed, but further study is needed to validate their effectiveness. Conventional MRI performs high tissue contrast that can show structural changes and has been routinely applied in clinical practice, such as in the evaluation of cerebral atrophy. Advanced MRI sequences (such as diffusion tensor imaging, arterial spin labeling, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood oxygenation level dependent, and quantitative susceptibility mapping) can provide additional information beyond structure that includes brain microstructure, blood perfusion, metabolite concentration, brain activity, connections and networks between brain regions, iron deposition, etc. Integrated PET and MRI may improve the diagnostic efficiency of AD.https://doi.org/10.1002/VIW.20230025Alzheimer's diseasemagnetic resonance imagingneuroimagingpositron emission computed tomography |
| spellingShingle | Yan Zhang Chenpeng Zhang Jianjun Liu Hongda Shao Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findings View Alzheimer's disease magnetic resonance imaging neuroimaging positron emission computed tomography |
| title | Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findings |
| title_full | Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findings |
| title_fullStr | Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findings |
| title_short | Alzheimer's disease: Potential pathogenesis and imaging findings |
| title_sort | alzheimer s disease potential pathogenesis and imaging findings |
| topic | Alzheimer's disease magnetic resonance imaging neuroimaging positron emission computed tomography |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/VIW.20230025 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanzhang alzheimersdiseasepotentialpathogenesisandimagingfindings AT chenpengzhang alzheimersdiseasepotentialpathogenesisandimagingfindings AT jianjunliu alzheimersdiseasepotentialpathogenesisandimagingfindings AT hongdashao alzheimersdiseasepotentialpathogenesisandimagingfindings |