Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through Compaction
The geomechanical and transport properties of rocks are of great importance to geoscience and engineering, as these properties provide responses to external stresses and flow regimes in the subsurface. Typically, experiments conducted on cores from reservoir formations have a degree of uncertainty,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/1813 |
| _version_ | 1797475243605884928 |
|---|---|
| author | Kevin J. Hodder Angel J. Sanchez-Barra Sergey Ishutov Gonzalo Zambrano-Narvaez Rick J. Chalaturnyk |
| author_facet | Kevin J. Hodder Angel J. Sanchez-Barra Sergey Ishutov Gonzalo Zambrano-Narvaez Rick J. Chalaturnyk |
| author_sort | Kevin J. Hodder |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The geomechanical and transport properties of rocks are of great importance to geoscience and engineering, as these properties provide responses to external stresses and flow regimes in the subsurface. Typically, experiments conducted on cores from reservoir formations have a degree of uncertainty, due to the heterogeneous characteristics of rock samples. To combat this uncertainty, binder-jet additive manufacturing (3D printing) is an emerging technology to characterize natural porous media in a repeatable fashion. In this study, the 3D printing sandstone analogue involved sand powder and organic binder to mimic silica grains and cement in natural sandstone. The use of compaction rollers and the adjustment of printing parameters allowed one to test how the porosity and strength of 3D-printed samples can replicate the transport and geomechanical properties of natural sandstone. The densities of samples were increased by ~15% and compressive strength by ~65% with the use of the larger roller. This is a promising alternative to experimental testing to calibrate numerical models in geoscience and engineering. The significance of this approach is to allow for customizable porosity, permeability, and strength in rock samples, while preserving scarce natural rock samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:41:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f824dbb4092a47819551a4595654b879 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:41:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-f824dbb4092a47819551a4595654b8792023-11-23T22:57:51ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-03-01155181310.3390/en15051813Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through CompactionKevin J. Hodder0Angel J. Sanchez-Barra1Sergey Ishutov2Gonzalo Zambrano-Narvaez3Rick J. Chalaturnyk4Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, CanadaDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, CanadaDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, CanadaDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, CanadaDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, CanadaThe geomechanical and transport properties of rocks are of great importance to geoscience and engineering, as these properties provide responses to external stresses and flow regimes in the subsurface. Typically, experiments conducted on cores from reservoir formations have a degree of uncertainty, due to the heterogeneous characteristics of rock samples. To combat this uncertainty, binder-jet additive manufacturing (3D printing) is an emerging technology to characterize natural porous media in a repeatable fashion. In this study, the 3D printing sandstone analogue involved sand powder and organic binder to mimic silica grains and cement in natural sandstone. The use of compaction rollers and the adjustment of printing parameters allowed one to test how the porosity and strength of 3D-printed samples can replicate the transport and geomechanical properties of natural sandstone. The densities of samples were increased by ~15% and compressive strength by ~65% with the use of the larger roller. This is a promising alternative to experimental testing to calibrate numerical models in geoscience and engineering. The significance of this approach is to allow for customizable porosity, permeability, and strength in rock samples, while preserving scarce natural rock samples.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/18133D printingsandporositycompactiondensityrock |
| spellingShingle | Kevin J. Hodder Angel J. Sanchez-Barra Sergey Ishutov Gonzalo Zambrano-Narvaez Rick J. Chalaturnyk Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through Compaction Energies 3D printing sand porosity compaction density rock |
| title | Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through Compaction |
| title_full | Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through Compaction |
| title_fullStr | Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through Compaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through Compaction |
| title_short | Increasing Density of 3D-Printed Sandstone through Compaction |
| title_sort | increasing density of 3d printed sandstone through compaction |
| topic | 3D printing sand porosity compaction density rock |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/1813 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kevinjhodder increasingdensityof3dprintedsandstonethroughcompaction AT angeljsanchezbarra increasingdensityof3dprintedsandstonethroughcompaction AT sergeyishutov increasingdensityof3dprintedsandstonethroughcompaction AT gonzalozambranonarvaez increasingdensityof3dprintedsandstonethroughcompaction AT rickjchalaturnyk increasingdensityof3dprintedsandstonethroughcompaction |