Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i>
<i>Candida albicans, Candida glabrata</i>, <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i> are the four most common human fungal pathogens isolated that can cause superficial and invasive infections. It has been shown that specific metabolites present in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/3881 |
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| author | Juan Ernesto López-Ramos Elihú Bautista Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Escobedo Gabriela Mancilla-Montelongo Irene Castaño Marco Martín González-Chávez Alejandro De Las Peñas |
| author_facet | Juan Ernesto López-Ramos Elihú Bautista Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Escobedo Gabriela Mancilla-Montelongo Irene Castaño Marco Martín González-Chávez Alejandro De Las Peñas |
| author_sort | Juan Ernesto López-Ramos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Candida albicans, Candida glabrata</i>, <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i> are the four most common human fungal pathogens isolated that can cause superficial and invasive infections. It has been shown that specific metabolites present in the secretomes of these fungal pathogens are important for their virulence. <i>C. glabrata</i> is the second most common isolate world-wide and has an innate resistance to azoles, xenobiotics and oxidative stress that allows this fungal pathogen to evade the immune response and persist within the host. Here, we analyzed and compared the <i>C. glabrata</i> secretome with those of <i>C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis</i> and the non-pathogenic yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. In <i>C. glabrata</i>, we identified a different number of metabolites depending on the growth media: 12 in synthetic complete media (SC), 27 in SC-glutamic acid and 23 in rich media (YPD). <i>C. glabrata</i> specific metabolites are 1-dodecene (0.09 ± 0.11%), 2,5-dimethylundecane (1.01 ± 0.19%), 3,7-dimethyldecane (0.14 ± 0.15%), and octadecane (0.4 ± 0.53%). The metabolites that are shared with <i>C. albicans, C. glabrata</i>, <i>C. parapsilosis,</i> <i>C. tropicalis</i> and <i>S. cerevisiae</i> are phenylethanol, which is synthesized from phenylalanine, and eicosane and nonanoic acid (identified as trimethylsilyl ester), which are synthesized from fatty acid metabolism. Phenylethanol is the most abundant metabolite in all fungi tested: 26.36 ± 17.42% (<i>C. glabrata</i>), 46.77 ± 15.58% (<i>C. albicans</i>), 49.76 ± 18.43% (<i>C. tropicalis</i>), 5.72 ± 0.66% (<i>C. parapsilosis</i>.) and 44.58 ± 27.91% (<i>S. cerevisiae</i>). The analysis of <i>C. glabrata’s</i> secretome will allow us to further our understanding of the possible role these metabolites could play in its virulence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:04:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f82dc57a2afb40abad765556c4d48c67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:04:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f82dc57a2afb40abad765556c4d48c672023-11-22T01:43:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-06-012613388110.3390/molecules26133881Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i>Juan Ernesto López-Ramos0Elihú Bautista1Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Escobedo2Gabriela Mancilla-Montelongo3Irene Castaño4Marco Martín González-Chávez5Alejandro De Las Peñas6IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José, #2055, Col. Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí CP 78216, San Luis Potosí, MexicoIPICYT, CONACYT-Consorcio de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para las Zonas Áridas, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C, Camino a la Presa San José, #2055, Col. Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí CP 78216, San Luis Potosí, MexicoIPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José, #2055, Col. Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí CP 78216, San Luis Potosí, MexicoCONACYT, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil Km 15.5 S/N, Mérida CP 97100, Yucatán, MexicoIPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José, #2055, Col. Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí CP 78216, San Luis Potosí, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Dr Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí CP 78290, San Luis Potosí, MexicoIPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José, #2055, Col. Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí CP 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico<i>Candida albicans, Candida glabrata</i>, <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i> are the four most common human fungal pathogens isolated that can cause superficial and invasive infections. It has been shown that specific metabolites present in the secretomes of these fungal pathogens are important for their virulence. <i>C. glabrata</i> is the second most common isolate world-wide and has an innate resistance to azoles, xenobiotics and oxidative stress that allows this fungal pathogen to evade the immune response and persist within the host. Here, we analyzed and compared the <i>C. glabrata</i> secretome with those of <i>C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis</i> and the non-pathogenic yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. In <i>C. glabrata</i>, we identified a different number of metabolites depending on the growth media: 12 in synthetic complete media (SC), 27 in SC-glutamic acid and 23 in rich media (YPD). <i>C. glabrata</i> specific metabolites are 1-dodecene (0.09 ± 0.11%), 2,5-dimethylundecane (1.01 ± 0.19%), 3,7-dimethyldecane (0.14 ± 0.15%), and octadecane (0.4 ± 0.53%). The metabolites that are shared with <i>C. albicans, C. glabrata</i>, <i>C. parapsilosis,</i> <i>C. tropicalis</i> and <i>S. cerevisiae</i> are phenylethanol, which is synthesized from phenylalanine, and eicosane and nonanoic acid (identified as trimethylsilyl ester), which are synthesized from fatty acid metabolism. Phenylethanol is the most abundant metabolite in all fungi tested: 26.36 ± 17.42% (<i>C. glabrata</i>), 46.77 ± 15.58% (<i>C. albicans</i>), 49.76 ± 18.43% (<i>C. tropicalis</i>), 5.72 ± 0.66% (<i>C. parapsilosis</i>.) and 44.58 ± 27.91% (<i>S. cerevisiae</i>). The analysis of <i>C. glabrata’s</i> secretome will allow us to further our understanding of the possible role these metabolites could play in its virulence.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/3881secretome<i>Candida</i> <i>glabrata</i>secretomeGC-MS analysisphenylethanoleicosane |
| spellingShingle | Juan Ernesto López-Ramos Elihú Bautista Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Escobedo Gabriela Mancilla-Montelongo Irene Castaño Marco Martín González-Chávez Alejandro De Las Peñas Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i> Molecules secretome <i>Candida</i> <i>glabrata</i> secretome GC-MS analysis phenylethanol eicosane |
| title | Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| title_full | Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| title_short | Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| title_sort | analysis of volatile molecules present in the secretome of the fungal pathogen i candida glabrata i |
| topic | secretome <i>Candida</i> <i>glabrata</i> secretome GC-MS analysis phenylethanol eicosane |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/3881 |
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