Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK Expression
BackgroundEarly prediction of recurrence and death risks is significant to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We aimed to develop and validate prognosis nomogram models based on the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)-to-platelet (PLT) ratio (GPR) for HCC and to explore the re...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-12-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.548744/full |
| _version_ | 1819171600337993728 |
|---|---|
| author | Dingan Luo Haoran Li Jie Hu Mao Zhang Shun Zhang Liqun Wu Bing Han |
| author_facet | Dingan Luo Haoran Li Jie Hu Mao Zhang Shun Zhang Liqun Wu Bing Han |
| author_sort | Dingan Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundEarly prediction of recurrence and death risks is significant to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We aimed to develop and validate prognosis nomogram models based on the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)-to-platelet (PLT) ratio (GPR) for HCC and to explore the relationship between the GPR and inflammation-related signaling pathways.MethodsAll data were obtained from 2000 to 2012 in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. In the training cohort, factors included in the nomograms were determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. In the training and validation cohorts, the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves were used to assess predictive accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess discriminative ability. Clinical utility was evaluated using decision curve analysis. Moreover, improvement of the predictive accuracy of the nomograms was evaluated by calculating the decision curve analysis, the integrated discrimination improvement, and the net reclassification improvement. Finally, the relationship between the GPR and inflammation-related signaling pathways was evaluated using the independent-samples t-test.ResultsA larger tumor size and higher GPR were common independent risk factors for both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in HCC (P < 0.05). Good agreement between our nomogram models’ predictions and actual observations was detected by the C-index and calibration curves. Our nomogram models showed significantly better performance in predicting the HCC prognosis compared to other models (P < 0.05). Online webserver and scoring system tables were built based on the proposed nomogram for convenient clinical use. Notably, including the GPR greatly improved the predictive ability of our nomogram models (P < 0.05). In the validation cohort, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAPK) expression was significantly negatively correlated with the GPR (P < 0.01) and GGT (P = 0.039), but was not correlated with PLT levels (P = 0.063). And we found that P38MAPK can regulate the expression of GGT by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting experiments.ConclusionsThe dynamic nomogram based on the GPR provides accurate and effective prognostic predictions for HCC, and P38MAPK-GGT may be a suitable therapeutic target to improve the prognosis of HCC patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:53:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8415fedd25b42bfbb2ebe937c3ee75a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:53:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8415fedd25b42bfbb2ebe937c3ee75a2022-12-21T18:14:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2020-12-011010.3389/fonc.2020.548744548744Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK ExpressionDingan Luo0Haoran Li1Jie Hu2Mao Zhang3Shun Zhang4Liqun Wu5Bing Han6Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, ChinaBackgroundEarly prediction of recurrence and death risks is significant to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We aimed to develop and validate prognosis nomogram models based on the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)-to-platelet (PLT) ratio (GPR) for HCC and to explore the relationship between the GPR and inflammation-related signaling pathways.MethodsAll data were obtained from 2000 to 2012 in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. In the training cohort, factors included in the nomograms were determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. In the training and validation cohorts, the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves were used to assess predictive accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess discriminative ability. Clinical utility was evaluated using decision curve analysis. Moreover, improvement of the predictive accuracy of the nomograms was evaluated by calculating the decision curve analysis, the integrated discrimination improvement, and the net reclassification improvement. Finally, the relationship between the GPR and inflammation-related signaling pathways was evaluated using the independent-samples t-test.ResultsA larger tumor size and higher GPR were common independent risk factors for both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in HCC (P < 0.05). Good agreement between our nomogram models’ predictions and actual observations was detected by the C-index and calibration curves. Our nomogram models showed significantly better performance in predicting the HCC prognosis compared to other models (P < 0.05). Online webserver and scoring system tables were built based on the proposed nomogram for convenient clinical use. Notably, including the GPR greatly improved the predictive ability of our nomogram models (P < 0.05). In the validation cohort, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAPK) expression was significantly negatively correlated with the GPR (P < 0.01) and GGT (P = 0.039), but was not correlated with PLT levels (P = 0.063). And we found that P38MAPK can regulate the expression of GGT by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting experiments.ConclusionsThe dynamic nomogram based on the GPR provides accurate and effective prognostic predictions for HCC, and P38MAPK-GGT may be a suitable therapeutic target to improve the prognosis of HCC patients.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.548744/fullgamma-glutamyl transpeptidaseplateletp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasehepatocellular carcinomaprognosisdynamic nomogram |
| spellingShingle | Dingan Luo Haoran Li Jie Hu Mao Zhang Shun Zhang Liqun Wu Bing Han Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK Expression Frontiers in Oncology gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase platelet p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis dynamic nomogram |
| title | Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK Expression |
| title_full | Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK Expression |
| title_fullStr | Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK Expression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK Expression |
| title_short | Development and Validation of Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Reveal Novel Prognostic Value and the Ratio Is Negatively Correlated With P38MAPK Expression |
| title_sort | development and validation of nomograms based on gamma glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio for hepatocellular carcinoma patients reveal novel prognostic value and the ratio is negatively correlated with p38mapk expression |
| topic | gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase platelet p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis dynamic nomogram |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.548744/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dinganluo developmentandvalidationofnomogramsbasedongammaglutamyltranspeptidasetoplateletratioforhepatocellularcarcinomapatientsrevealnovelprognosticvalueandtheratioisnegativelycorrelatedwithp38mapkexpression AT haoranli developmentandvalidationofnomogramsbasedongammaglutamyltranspeptidasetoplateletratioforhepatocellularcarcinomapatientsrevealnovelprognosticvalueandtheratioisnegativelycorrelatedwithp38mapkexpression AT jiehu developmentandvalidationofnomogramsbasedongammaglutamyltranspeptidasetoplateletratioforhepatocellularcarcinomapatientsrevealnovelprognosticvalueandtheratioisnegativelycorrelatedwithp38mapkexpression AT maozhang developmentandvalidationofnomogramsbasedongammaglutamyltranspeptidasetoplateletratioforhepatocellularcarcinomapatientsrevealnovelprognosticvalueandtheratioisnegativelycorrelatedwithp38mapkexpression AT shunzhang developmentandvalidationofnomogramsbasedongammaglutamyltranspeptidasetoplateletratioforhepatocellularcarcinomapatientsrevealnovelprognosticvalueandtheratioisnegativelycorrelatedwithp38mapkexpression AT liqunwu developmentandvalidationofnomogramsbasedongammaglutamyltranspeptidasetoplateletratioforhepatocellularcarcinomapatientsrevealnovelprognosticvalueandtheratioisnegativelycorrelatedwithp38mapkexpression AT binghan developmentandvalidationofnomogramsbasedongammaglutamyltranspeptidasetoplateletratioforhepatocellularcarcinomapatientsrevealnovelprognosticvalueandtheratioisnegativelycorrelatedwithp38mapkexpression |