Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort
IntroductionFew studies have objectively evaluated cognitive deficits after the acute phase of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in cognitive decline in patients with COVID-19 has not been evaluated yet.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in confir...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.947583/full |
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| author | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior Danilo Nunes Oliveira Jean Breno Silveira da Silva Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa Artur Victor Menezes Sousa Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha Safira de Brito Gaspar Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes Raquel Carvalho Montenegro Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto Pedro Braga-Neto Pedro Braga-Neto |
| author_facet | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior Danilo Nunes Oliveira Jean Breno Silveira da Silva Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa Artur Victor Menezes Sousa Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha Safira de Brito Gaspar Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes Raquel Carvalho Montenegro Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto Pedro Braga-Neto Pedro Braga-Neto |
| author_sort | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionFew studies have objectively evaluated cognitive deficits after the acute phase of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in cognitive decline in patients with COVID-19 has not been evaluated yet.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months from the onset. We determined APOE genotypes.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 141 patients. The most frequent APOE genotype was E3/E3 (N = 95; 67.3%). In total, 93 patients (65.9%) had memory impairment symptoms as the main complaint, objectively confirmed through screening tests in 25 patients (17.7%). Patients with cognitive impairment had a lower frequency of anosmia than the normal and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) groups (p = 0.005). In addition, depression was recurrent in the cognitive impairment group and the SCD group (p = 0.046). Cognitive impairment was significantly more frequent in hospitalized patients and those with a lower education level. Cognitive status was not associated with APOE genotypes.DiscussionHospitalized patients had more severe infection with a greater possibility of systemic complications, greater inflammatory response, and prolonged hospitalization, which could impact cognitive performance. Cognitive impairment in patients with COVID-19 does not necessarily involve specific APOE polymorphisms. However, psychiatric disorders may also be responsible for cognitive complaints. Cognitive complaints are frequent in patients with COVID-19, even after the acute phase of the disease and in mild cases. Hospitalized participants and depressed patients may have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. APOE genotypes or haplotypes may not significantly play a role in COVID-19 cognitive impairment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:01:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f84d8012e75b430fb0ee2e649559d371 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:01:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-f84d8012e75b430fb0ee2e649559d3712022-12-22T04:00:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402022-08-011310.3389/fpsyt.2022.947583947583Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohortJosé Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior0Danilo Nunes Oliveira1Jean Breno Silveira da Silva2Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa3Artur Victor Menezes Sousa4Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha5Safira de Brito Gaspar6Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes7Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira8Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes9Raquel Carvalho Montenegro10Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto11Pedro Braga-Neto12Pedro Braga-Neto13Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilNeurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDrug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilNeurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilNeurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilNeurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilCenter of Health Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilCenter of Health Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDrug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDrug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilDrug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilNeurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilNeurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BrazilCenter of Health Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilIntroductionFew studies have objectively evaluated cognitive deficits after the acute phase of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in cognitive decline in patients with COVID-19 has not been evaluated yet.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months from the onset. We determined APOE genotypes.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 141 patients. The most frequent APOE genotype was E3/E3 (N = 95; 67.3%). In total, 93 patients (65.9%) had memory impairment symptoms as the main complaint, objectively confirmed through screening tests in 25 patients (17.7%). Patients with cognitive impairment had a lower frequency of anosmia than the normal and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) groups (p = 0.005). In addition, depression was recurrent in the cognitive impairment group and the SCD group (p = 0.046). Cognitive impairment was significantly more frequent in hospitalized patients and those with a lower education level. Cognitive status was not associated with APOE genotypes.DiscussionHospitalized patients had more severe infection with a greater possibility of systemic complications, greater inflammatory response, and prolonged hospitalization, which could impact cognitive performance. Cognitive impairment in patients with COVID-19 does not necessarily involve specific APOE polymorphisms. However, psychiatric disorders may also be responsible for cognitive complaints. Cognitive complaints are frequent in patients with COVID-19, even after the acute phase of the disease and in mild cases. Hospitalized participants and depressed patients may have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. APOE genotypes or haplotypes may not significantly play a role in COVID-19 cognitive impairment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.947583/fullCOVID-19cognitive impairmentSARS-CoV-2 infectiondementiarisk factor |
| spellingShingle | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior Danilo Nunes Oliveira Jean Breno Silveira da Silva Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa Artur Victor Menezes Sousa Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha Safira de Brito Gaspar Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes Raquel Carvalho Montenegro Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto Pedro Braga-Neto Pedro Braga-Neto Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort Frontiers in Psychiatry COVID-19 cognitive impairment SARS-CoV-2 infection dementia risk factor |
| title | Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort |
| title_full | Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort |
| title_fullStr | Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort |
| title_short | Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort |
| title_sort | long covid cognitive impairment cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein e apoe genotyping correlation in a brazilian cohort |
| topic | COVID-19 cognitive impairment SARS-CoV-2 infection dementia risk factor |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.947583/full |
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