Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males
The aim of this work was to study the wingless males of pollinating (Pegoscapus tonduzi) and two nonpollinating fig wasp species, genus Idarnes, associated with figs (Ficus citrifolia) in Brazil to answer the following questions: 1) Do wingless males of Idarnes spp. and P. tonduzi show different mal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná (Tecpar)
2008-08-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132008000400013 |
| _version_ | 1819062027711152128 |
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| author | Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira Angelo Pires do Prado |
| author_facet | Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira Angelo Pires do Prado |
| author_sort | Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this work was to study the wingless males of pollinating (Pegoscapus tonduzi) and two nonpollinating fig wasp species, genus Idarnes, associated with figs (Ficus citrifolia) in Brazil to answer the following questions: 1) Do wingless males of Idarnes spp. and P. tonduzi show different male-male competition strategies?; and, 2) Do the injury within-species variables correlate with fig/population features? Consistently higher injury levels were observed in the two species of Idarnes than in the pollinator species. The results suggested that aggressive confrontations were involved in the mating strategies of Idarnes, whereas non-aggressive strategies were shown by males of P. tonduzi. Generally, injury variables in Idarnes spp. correlated positively with the male encounter rate and negatively with the fig size, thus supporting the contest competition theory. The results pointed out that different species under similar local conditions might follow distinct evolutionary histories. Within species, natural-history particularities might have some influence upon quantified injury levels in wingless males.<br>Estudamos machos ápteros da espécie polinizadora (Pegoscapus tonduzi) e de duas espécies não-polinizadoras, gênero Idarnes, de vespas de figo associadas à Ficus citrifolia no Brasil, para responder as seguintes questões: 1) Os machos ápteros de Idarnes spp. e P. tonduzi apresentam estratégias diferentes de competição entre machos?; e 2) As variáveis associadas às injúrias são correlacionadas às características populacionais de cada espécie? Os níveis de injúrias foram maiores nas duas espécies de Idarnes. Nossos resultados sugerem que combates agressivos fazem parte da estratégia de acasalamento de Idarnes, ao passo que machos de P. tonduzi adotam estratégias não agressivas. Em geral, as variáveis de injúria correlacionaram-se positivamente à taxa de encontros entre machos e negativamente ao tamanho do figo, apoiando a teoria de competição direta. Nossos resultados apontaram que espécies diferentes sob condições similares podem seguir histórias evolutivas distintas. Particularidades da história natural das espécies podem influenciar o nível de injúria quantificado nos machos ápteros. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:52:15Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f850a074e45a4f659e67b6a464ab888d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1516-8913 1678-4324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:52:15Z |
| publishDate | 2008-08-01 |
| publisher | Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná (Tecpar) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f850a074e45a4f659e67b6a464ab888d2022-12-21T18:59:52ZengInstituto de Tecnologia do Paraná (Tecpar)Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology1516-89131678-43242008-08-0151455356010.1590/S1516-89132008000400013Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp malesRodrigo Augusto Santinelo PereiraAngelo Pires do PradoThe aim of this work was to study the wingless males of pollinating (Pegoscapus tonduzi) and two nonpollinating fig wasp species, genus Idarnes, associated with figs (Ficus citrifolia) in Brazil to answer the following questions: 1) Do wingless males of Idarnes spp. and P. tonduzi show different male-male competition strategies?; and, 2) Do the injury within-species variables correlate with fig/population features? Consistently higher injury levels were observed in the two species of Idarnes than in the pollinator species. The results suggested that aggressive confrontations were involved in the mating strategies of Idarnes, whereas non-aggressive strategies were shown by males of P. tonduzi. Generally, injury variables in Idarnes spp. correlated positively with the male encounter rate and negatively with the fig size, thus supporting the contest competition theory. The results pointed out that different species under similar local conditions might follow distinct evolutionary histories. Within species, natural-history particularities might have some influence upon quantified injury levels in wingless males.<br>Estudamos machos ápteros da espécie polinizadora (Pegoscapus tonduzi) e de duas espécies não-polinizadoras, gênero Idarnes, de vespas de figo associadas à Ficus citrifolia no Brasil, para responder as seguintes questões: 1) Os machos ápteros de Idarnes spp. e P. tonduzi apresentam estratégias diferentes de competição entre machos?; e 2) As variáveis associadas às injúrias são correlacionadas às características populacionais de cada espécie? Os níveis de injúrias foram maiores nas duas espécies de Idarnes. Nossos resultados sugerem que combates agressivos fazem parte da estratégia de acasalamento de Idarnes, ao passo que machos de P. tonduzi adotam estratégias não agressivas. Em geral, as variáveis de injúria correlacionaram-se positivamente à taxa de encontros entre machos e negativamente ao tamanho do figo, apoiando a teoria de competição direta. Nossos resultados apontaram que espécies diferentes sob condições similares podem seguir histórias evolutivas distintas. Particularidades da história natural das espécies podem influenciar o nível de injúria quantificado nos machos ápteros.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132008000400013Agaonidaecontest competition theoryFicusfighting behaviourHymenopteraMoraceae |
| spellingShingle | Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira Angelo Pires do Prado Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology Agaonidae contest competition theory Ficus fighting behaviour Hymenoptera Moraceae |
| title | Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males |
| title_full | Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males |
| title_fullStr | Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males |
| title_short | Mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males |
| title_sort | mating strategies and aggressive combat in wingless neotropical fig wasp males |
| topic | Agaonidae contest competition theory Ficus fighting behaviour Hymenoptera Moraceae |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132008000400013 |
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