Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminates
Abstract Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) have garnered considerable attention and are increasingly being utilized in the development of protective armors for explosion and ballistic scenarios. While most research has focused on assessing the response of FMLs to single impacts, real battlefield situatio...
| Príomhchruthaitheoirí: | , , , |
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| Formáid: | Alt |
| Teanga: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
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| Sraith: | Scientific Reports |
| Rochtain ar líne: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42861-0 |
| _version_ | 1827764545229160448 |
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| author | Anand Pai Marcos Rodriguez-Millan Chandrakant R. Kini B. Satish Shenoy |
| author_facet | Anand Pai Marcos Rodriguez-Millan Chandrakant R. Kini B. Satish Shenoy |
| author_sort | Anand Pai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) have garnered considerable attention and are increasingly being utilized in the development of protective armors for explosion and ballistic scenarios. While most research has focused on assessing the response of FMLs to single impacts, real battlefield situations often require shielding structures to endure multiple impacts. Thus, this study revolves around the creation of hybrid FMLs designed for shock shielding purposes. The primary focus is on how these laminates withstand repetitive impacts from high-intensity shock waves, aiming to pinpoint the optimal sequence that offers the highest resistance against multiple shock impacts. To establish effective shielding, a multi-layered FML configuration is employed. This configuration incorporates AA6061-T6 facing plates, ballistic-grade synthetic materials like aramid/epoxy ply, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/epoxy ply. Additionally, a paperboard/epoxy lamina is introduced to induce functional grading based on layerwise shock impedance mismatches. Shock impact experiments are conducted using a shock tube equipped with helium as the driver gas. Critical shock parameters, including Mach Number, positive impulse, and peak overpressure, are meticulously evaluated. For validation purposes, a numerical model is employed to project the damage profile as a function of radial distance across different laminate sequences. The study unveils that ply deformations are strongly influenced by the arrangement of core layers, particularly the positions of the paperboard and UHMWPE layers within the core structure. To contextualize the findings, the shock impact results obtained from this study are compared with those from prior experiments that employed nitrogen-driven shocks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:06:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f85e5a04dce643c7b3ee4abf9f6af6d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:06:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-f85e5a04dce643c7b3ee4abf9f6af6d52023-11-12T12:14:07ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-11-0113112110.1038/s41598-023-42861-0Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminatesAnand Pai0Marcos Rodriguez-Millan1Chandrakant R. Kini2B. Satish Shenoy3Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University Carlos III of MadridDepartment of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationAbstract Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) have garnered considerable attention and are increasingly being utilized in the development of protective armors for explosion and ballistic scenarios. While most research has focused on assessing the response of FMLs to single impacts, real battlefield situations often require shielding structures to endure multiple impacts. Thus, this study revolves around the creation of hybrid FMLs designed for shock shielding purposes. The primary focus is on how these laminates withstand repetitive impacts from high-intensity shock waves, aiming to pinpoint the optimal sequence that offers the highest resistance against multiple shock impacts. To establish effective shielding, a multi-layered FML configuration is employed. This configuration incorporates AA6061-T6 facing plates, ballistic-grade synthetic materials like aramid/epoxy ply, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/epoxy ply. Additionally, a paperboard/epoxy lamina is introduced to induce functional grading based on layerwise shock impedance mismatches. Shock impact experiments are conducted using a shock tube equipped with helium as the driver gas. Critical shock parameters, including Mach Number, positive impulse, and peak overpressure, are meticulously evaluated. For validation purposes, a numerical model is employed to project the damage profile as a function of radial distance across different laminate sequences. The study unveils that ply deformations are strongly influenced by the arrangement of core layers, particularly the positions of the paperboard and UHMWPE layers within the core structure. To contextualize the findings, the shock impact results obtained from this study are compared with those from prior experiments that employed nitrogen-driven shocks.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42861-0 |
| spellingShingle | Anand Pai Marcos Rodriguez-Millan Chandrakant R. Kini B. Satish Shenoy Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminates Scientific Reports |
| title | Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminates |
| title_full | Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminates |
| title_fullStr | Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminates |
| title_short | Multiple impact effects of helium-driven shocks on thin fiber-metal laminates |
| title_sort | multiple impact effects of helium driven shocks on thin fiber metal laminates |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42861-0 |
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