Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa
Background: People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) continue to face persistent and deep rooted social barriers. Incidentally, studies in social determinants of depression are very limited, necessitating this study, which examined social determinants of depression and the impact of these determinants on...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Global Health and Education Projects, Inc.
2014-06-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://mchandaids.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/1.-Social-determinants-of-depression-in-Nigeria-174-to-181.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818729228438339584 |
|---|---|
| author | Rasaki O. Shittu,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP Baba A. Issa,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP Ganiyu T. Olanrewaju, MB, BS, FWACP bdulraheem O. Mahmoud, MB, BS, FMCOph, FWACS, FICS Louis O. Odeigah, MB, BS, FWACP bdullateef G. Sule, MB, BS, FWACP |
| author_facet | Rasaki O. Shittu,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP Baba A. Issa,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP Ganiyu T. Olanrewaju, MB, BS, FWACP bdulraheem O. Mahmoud, MB, BS, FMCOph, FWACS, FICS Louis O. Odeigah, MB, BS, FWACP bdullateef G. Sule, MB, BS, FWACP |
| author_sort | Rasaki O. Shittu,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) continue to face persistent and deep rooted social barriers. Incidentally, studies in social determinants of depression are very limited, necessitating this study, which examined social determinants of depression and the impact of these determinants on depression.
Methods: This was a hospital based, cross sectional descriptive study of three hundred adult HIV/AIDS patients, attending the HIV clinic of Kwara State Specialist Hospital, Sobi, Ilorin, Nigeria. Depressive symptoms were measured by the PHQ-9 rating scale. Three variables of social determinants of depression: socio-economic status (years of school and self-reported economic status of family), social cohesion, and negative life events were examined.
Results: The self-reported economic status of the family varied from good 35(11.7%), average 162(54%), and poor among 103(34.3%) of the respondents. Social cohesion was low in 199(66.3%), fair in 65(21.7%) and high among 36(12%) of the respondents. There was significant association between social cohesion, negative life events, and depression.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Income was the most significant socio-economic determinant. Majority had very low social cohesion and more negative life events, while those with below average years of schooling were more depressed. These are statistically significant. Social determinants of depression should be given a lot of emphasis, when addressing the issue of depression, if we are to meaningfully tackle this increasing scourge in our society. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:42:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f88b61b0becb466fa02ea78363b6f420 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2161-8674 2161-864X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:42:33Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS |
| spelling | doaj.art-f88b61b0becb466fa02ea78363b6f4202022-12-21T21:29:53ZengGlobal Health and Education Projects, Inc.International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS2161-86742161-864X2014-06-0122174181Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West AfricaRasaki O. Shittu,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP0Baba A. Issa,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP1Ganiyu T. Olanrewaju, MB, BS, FWACP2bdulraheem O. Mahmoud, MB, BS, FMCOph, FWACS, FICS3Louis O. Odeigah, MB, BS, FWACP4bdullateef G. Sule, MB, BS, FWACP5Department of Family Medicine, Kwara State Specialist Hospital, Sobi, Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Behavioral Sciences, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara State, NigeriaDepartment of Behavioral Sciences, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara State,NigeriaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Family Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, NigeriaBackground: People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) continue to face persistent and deep rooted social barriers. Incidentally, studies in social determinants of depression are very limited, necessitating this study, which examined social determinants of depression and the impact of these determinants on depression. Methods: This was a hospital based, cross sectional descriptive study of three hundred adult HIV/AIDS patients, attending the HIV clinic of Kwara State Specialist Hospital, Sobi, Ilorin, Nigeria. Depressive symptoms were measured by the PHQ-9 rating scale. Three variables of social determinants of depression: socio-economic status (years of school and self-reported economic status of family), social cohesion, and negative life events were examined. Results: The self-reported economic status of the family varied from good 35(11.7%), average 162(54%), and poor among 103(34.3%) of the respondents. Social cohesion was low in 199(66.3%), fair in 65(21.7%) and high among 36(12%) of the respondents. There was significant association between social cohesion, negative life events, and depression. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Income was the most significant socio-economic determinant. Majority had very low social cohesion and more negative life events, while those with below average years of schooling were more depressed. These are statistically significant. Social determinants of depression should be given a lot of emphasis, when addressing the issue of depression, if we are to meaningfully tackle this increasing scourge in our society.http://mchandaids.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/1.-Social-determinants-of-depression-in-Nigeria-174-to-181.pdfDepressionSocial determinantsPLWHASocial cohesionNegative life eventsNigeriaPeople living with HIV/AIDS |
| spellingShingle | Rasaki O. Shittu,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP Baba A. Issa,MB, BS, MPH, FWACP Ganiyu T. Olanrewaju, MB, BS, FWACP bdulraheem O. Mahmoud, MB, BS, FMCOph, FWACS, FICS Louis O. Odeigah, MB, BS, FWACP bdullateef G. Sule, MB, BS, FWACP Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS Depression Social determinants PLWHA Social cohesion Negative life events Nigeria People living with HIV/AIDS |
| title | Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa |
| title_full | Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa |
| title_fullStr | Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa |
| title_short | Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa |
| title_sort | social determinants of depression social cohesion negative life events and depression among people living with hiv aids in nigeria west africa |
| topic | Depression Social determinants PLWHA Social cohesion Negative life events Nigeria People living with HIV/AIDS |
| url | http://mchandaids.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/1.-Social-determinants-of-depression-in-Nigeria-174-to-181.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rasakioshittumbbsmphfwacp socialdeterminantsofdepressionsocialcohesionnegativelifeeventsanddepressionamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinnigeriawestafrica AT babaaissambbsmphfwacp socialdeterminantsofdepressionsocialcohesionnegativelifeeventsanddepressionamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinnigeriawestafrica AT ganiyutolanrewajumbbsfwacp socialdeterminantsofdepressionsocialcohesionnegativelifeeventsanddepressionamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinnigeriawestafrica AT bdulraheemomahmoudmbbsfmcophfwacsfics socialdeterminantsofdepressionsocialcohesionnegativelifeeventsanddepressionamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinnigeriawestafrica AT louisoodeigahmbbsfwacp socialdeterminantsofdepressionsocialcohesionnegativelifeeventsanddepressionamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinnigeriawestafrica AT bdullateefgsulembbsfwacp socialdeterminantsofdepressionsocialcohesionnegativelifeeventsanddepressionamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinnigeriawestafrica |