Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
This paper reported available studies on blood lead level of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan African women. PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched for original articles reporting blood lead levels of women of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan Africa. Searches were not limited to year of stu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00367/full |
| _version_ | 1818137969883611136 |
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| author | Onyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi Orish Ebere Orisakwe |
| author_facet | Onyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi Orish Ebere Orisakwe |
| author_sort | Onyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper reported available studies on blood lead level of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan African women. PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched for original articles reporting blood lead levels of women of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan Africa. Searches were not limited to year of study but limited to studies published in English Language. Data were extracted and synthesized by estimating the weighted mean of the reported blood lead levels. Fifteen papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Mean blood lead levels of women in the studies ranged from 0.83 to 99 μg/dl. The overall weighted mean of blood lead levels was 24.73 μg/dl. The weighted mean from analyses of data on blood lead levels of pregnant women alone was 26.24 μg/dl. Identified sources of lead exposure included lead mine, informal lead-acid battery recycling, leaded gasoline and piped water. Elevated BLLs were associated with incidence of preeclampsia, hypertension, and malaria. Important contributing factors for elevated blood lead levels (BLL) in these women include poverty, high environmental lead burden, low awareness on lead exposure hazards and lack of regulation for lead in consumer products. BLLs of women of childbearing age in SSA are unacceptably high. There is need therefore, for aggressive programs to address lead exposure in this population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:04:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f88e26af230948469c7bda4274fa8cf9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:04:45Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-f88e26af230948469c7bda4274fa8cf92022-12-22T01:12:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652018-12-01610.3389/fpubh.2018.00367368454Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic ReviewOnyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu0Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi1Orish Ebere Orisakwe2Department of Chemical pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NigeriaDepartment of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port-Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, NigeriaDepartment of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port-Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, NigeriaThis paper reported available studies on blood lead level of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan African women. PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched for original articles reporting blood lead levels of women of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan Africa. Searches were not limited to year of study but limited to studies published in English Language. Data were extracted and synthesized by estimating the weighted mean of the reported blood lead levels. Fifteen papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Mean blood lead levels of women in the studies ranged from 0.83 to 99 μg/dl. The overall weighted mean of blood lead levels was 24.73 μg/dl. The weighted mean from analyses of data on blood lead levels of pregnant women alone was 26.24 μg/dl. Identified sources of lead exposure included lead mine, informal lead-acid battery recycling, leaded gasoline and piped water. Elevated BLLs were associated with incidence of preeclampsia, hypertension, and malaria. Important contributing factors for elevated blood lead levels (BLL) in these women include poverty, high environmental lead burden, low awareness on lead exposure hazards and lack of regulation for lead in consumer products. BLLs of women of childbearing age in SSA are unacceptably high. There is need therefore, for aggressive programs to address lead exposure in this population.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00367/fullblood lead levelsSub-Saharan Africawomen of childbearing agepublic healthbiomonitoring |
| spellingShingle | Onyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi Orish Ebere Orisakwe Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review Frontiers in Public Health blood lead levels Sub-Saharan Africa women of childbearing age public health biomonitoring |
| title | Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | blood lead levels in women of child bearing age in sub saharan africa a systematic review |
| topic | blood lead levels Sub-Saharan Africa women of childbearing age public health biomonitoring |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00367/full |
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