Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAM
Leakage of high-pressure hydrocarbon liquid from a vessel or pipe may easily result in a two-phase flashing spray due to the rapid pressure drop, which might produce catastrophic consequences. Understanding the flashing spray process is essential to prevent these consequences and minimize the impact...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/24/12899 |
| _version_ | 1797461595983446016 |
|---|---|
| author | Dong-Qing Zhu Shu-Yan Chen Hong-Jie Xing Zhi-Fu Zhou Jia-Feng Wang Bin Chen |
| author_facet | Dong-Qing Zhu Shu-Yan Chen Hong-Jie Xing Zhi-Fu Zhou Jia-Feng Wang Bin Chen |
| author_sort | Dong-Qing Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leakage of high-pressure hydrocarbon liquid from a vessel or pipe may easily result in a two-phase flashing spray due to the rapid pressure drop, which might produce catastrophic consequences. Understanding the flashing spray process is essential to prevent these consequences and minimize the impact. This paper conducted a numerical study through OpenFOAM to investigate the two-phase behavior of flashing spray using a volatile and flammable substance of iso-pentane. The evolution of spray morphology and the distributions of droplet temperature, diameter, and velocity under various initial injection pressures (<i>P<sub>inj</sub></i>) and temperatures (<i>T<sub>inj</sub></i>) were investigated. The simulation result showed good agreement with the experimental result in spray morphology under various <i>P<sub>inj</sub></i> and <i>T<sub>inj</sub></i>. The simulation results indicate that a higher <i>P<sub>inj</sub></i> causes a larger gas phase diffusion length, while <i>T<sub>inj</sub></i> contributes little to this length. However, increasing the <i>P<sub>inj</sub></i> and <i>T<sub>inj</sub></i> shortens the liquid penetration distance. Near the nozzle exit field of about 10 mm, liquid droplets experience a rapid decrease in diameter and velocity along the spray central axis. Meanwhile, spray presents an obvious expansion via the introduction of a spray angle as the input boundary condition of the simulation and droplet temperature has a large gradient toward the radial direction within this field. Droplets in the spray’s downstream region achieved a more stable state with less change in droplet diameter, velocity, and temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:22:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f89cf86589dc41ec916bfcd1ddc4d872 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:22:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f89cf86589dc41ec916bfcd1ddc4d8722023-11-24T13:06:39ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-12-0112241289910.3390/app122412899Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAMDong-Qing Zhu0Shu-Yan Chen1Hong-Jie Xing2Zhi-Fu Zhou3Jia-Feng Wang4Bin Chen5State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaLeakage of high-pressure hydrocarbon liquid from a vessel or pipe may easily result in a two-phase flashing spray due to the rapid pressure drop, which might produce catastrophic consequences. Understanding the flashing spray process is essential to prevent these consequences and minimize the impact. This paper conducted a numerical study through OpenFOAM to investigate the two-phase behavior of flashing spray using a volatile and flammable substance of iso-pentane. The evolution of spray morphology and the distributions of droplet temperature, diameter, and velocity under various initial injection pressures (<i>P<sub>inj</sub></i>) and temperatures (<i>T<sub>inj</sub></i>) were investigated. The simulation result showed good agreement with the experimental result in spray morphology under various <i>P<sub>inj</sub></i> and <i>T<sub>inj</sub></i>. The simulation results indicate that a higher <i>P<sub>inj</sub></i> causes a larger gas phase diffusion length, while <i>T<sub>inj</sub></i> contributes little to this length. However, increasing the <i>P<sub>inj</sub></i> and <i>T<sub>inj</sub></i> shortens the liquid penetration distance. Near the nozzle exit field of about 10 mm, liquid droplets experience a rapid decrease in diameter and velocity along the spray central axis. Meanwhile, spray presents an obvious expansion via the introduction of a spray angle as the input boundary condition of the simulation and droplet temperature has a large gradient toward the radial direction within this field. Droplets in the spray’s downstream region achieved a more stable state with less change in droplet diameter, velocity, and temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/24/12899two-phase flashing sprayiso-pentanedroplet evaporationmultiphase flowhazardous leakage |
| spellingShingle | Dong-Qing Zhu Shu-Yan Chen Hong-Jie Xing Zhi-Fu Zhou Jia-Feng Wang Bin Chen Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAM Applied Sciences two-phase flashing spray iso-pentane droplet evaporation multiphase flow hazardous leakage |
| title | Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAM |
| title_full | Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAM |
| title_fullStr | Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAM |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAM |
| title_short | Investigation on Spray Morphology, Droplet Dynamics, and Thermal Characteristics of Iso-Pentane Flashing Spray Based on OpenFOAM |
| title_sort | investigation on spray morphology droplet dynamics and thermal characteristics of iso pentane flashing spray based on openfoam |
| topic | two-phase flashing spray iso-pentane droplet evaporation multiphase flow hazardous leakage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/24/12899 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dongqingzhu investigationonspraymorphologydropletdynamicsandthermalcharacteristicsofisopentaneflashingspraybasedonopenfoam AT shuyanchen investigationonspraymorphologydropletdynamicsandthermalcharacteristicsofisopentaneflashingspraybasedonopenfoam AT hongjiexing investigationonspraymorphologydropletdynamicsandthermalcharacteristicsofisopentaneflashingspraybasedonopenfoam AT zhifuzhou investigationonspraymorphologydropletdynamicsandthermalcharacteristicsofisopentaneflashingspraybasedonopenfoam AT jiafengwang investigationonspraymorphologydropletdynamicsandthermalcharacteristicsofisopentaneflashingspraybasedonopenfoam AT binchen investigationonspraymorphologydropletdynamicsandthermalcharacteristicsofisopentaneflashingspraybasedonopenfoam |