The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent Models
Dietary macronutrients are essential for metabolic regulation and insulin function. The present study examined the effects of different high-fat diets (HFDs) and high-carbohydrate diets (HCDs) on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome indices in healthy adult mal...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/6/1336 |
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| author | Bayan Abdulhafid Aljahdali Adnan Salem Bajaber Doha M. Al-Nouri Abdulrahman Saleh Al-Khalifah Shaista Arzoo Abeer Abdullah Alasmari |
| author_facet | Bayan Abdulhafid Aljahdali Adnan Salem Bajaber Doha M. Al-Nouri Abdulrahman Saleh Al-Khalifah Shaista Arzoo Abeer Abdullah Alasmari |
| author_sort | Bayan Abdulhafid Aljahdali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dietary macronutrients are essential for metabolic regulation and insulin function. The present study examined the effects of different high-fat diets (HFDs) and high-carbohydrate diets (HCDs) on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome indices in healthy adult male Wistar albino rats. Forty-two rats were distributed into six groups (<i>n</i> = 7), which were fed the following for 22 weeks: (1) a control diet; (2) a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet (HCD-LFD); (3) high-saturated-fat, low-carbohydrate diet (HSF-LCD); (4) a high-monounsaturated-fat diet (HMUSF); (5) a high medium-chain fat diet (HMCF); and a (6) a high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet (HCHF). In comparison to the control, the body weight increased in all the groups. The HSF-LCD group showed the highest levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, hepatic enzyme, insulin resistance, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance. A liver histology analysis of the HSF-LCD group showed macrovesicular hepatic steatosis associated with large hepatic vacuolation. Additionally, it showed marked periportal fibrosis, especially around the blood vessels and blood capillaries. The lowest levels of fasting glycemia, insulin, and HOMA-IR were observed in the HCHF group. In conclusion, these findings show that dietary saturated fat and cholesterol are principal components in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats, while fiber showed the greatest improvement in glycemic control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:15:00Z |
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| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:15:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-f89f6f6b37c74e76b74cd0e62e1ce3452023-11-18T11:17:53ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-06-01136133610.3390/life13061336The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent ModelsBayan Abdulhafid Aljahdali0Adnan Salem Bajaber1Doha M. Al-Nouri2Abdulrahman Saleh Al-Khalifah3Shaista Arzoo4Abeer Abdullah Alasmari5Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1495, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1495, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1495, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1495, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1495, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1495, Saudi ArabiaDietary macronutrients are essential for metabolic regulation and insulin function. The present study examined the effects of different high-fat diets (HFDs) and high-carbohydrate diets (HCDs) on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome indices in healthy adult male Wistar albino rats. Forty-two rats were distributed into six groups (<i>n</i> = 7), which were fed the following for 22 weeks: (1) a control diet; (2) a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet (HCD-LFD); (3) high-saturated-fat, low-carbohydrate diet (HSF-LCD); (4) a high-monounsaturated-fat diet (HMUSF); (5) a high medium-chain fat diet (HMCF); and a (6) a high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet (HCHF). In comparison to the control, the body weight increased in all the groups. The HSF-LCD group showed the highest levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, hepatic enzyme, insulin resistance, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance. A liver histology analysis of the HSF-LCD group showed macrovesicular hepatic steatosis associated with large hepatic vacuolation. Additionally, it showed marked periportal fibrosis, especially around the blood vessels and blood capillaries. The lowest levels of fasting glycemia, insulin, and HOMA-IR were observed in the HCHF group. In conclusion, these findings show that dietary saturated fat and cholesterol are principal components in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats, while fiber showed the greatest improvement in glycemic control.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/6/1336non-alcoholic fatty liver diseasefatsaturatedmetabolic syndromecarbohydrate |
| spellingShingle | Bayan Abdulhafid Aljahdali Adnan Salem Bajaber Doha M. Al-Nouri Abdulrahman Saleh Al-Khalifah Shaista Arzoo Abeer Abdullah Alasmari The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent Models Life non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fat saturated metabolic syndrome carbohydrate |
| title | The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent Models |
| title_full | The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent Models |
| title_fullStr | The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent Models |
| title_short | The Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndromes in Diet-Induced Rodent Models |
| title_sort | development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndromes in diet induced rodent models |
| topic | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fat saturated metabolic syndrome carbohydrate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/6/1336 |
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