Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure
The potential transcriptomic induction of resistance and/or virulence in two <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains belonging to the most frequent listeriosis-associated serovars (i.e., 1/2a and 4b), following their sublethal antimicrobial exposure, was studied through qPCR determination of the...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/10/2382 |
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| author | Eleni-Anna Kokkoni Nikolaos Andritsos Christina Sakarikou Sofia Michailidou Anagnostis Argiriou Efstathios Giaouris |
| author_facet | Eleni-Anna Kokkoni Nikolaos Andritsos Christina Sakarikou Sofia Michailidou Anagnostis Argiriou Efstathios Giaouris |
| author_sort | Eleni-Anna Kokkoni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The potential transcriptomic induction of resistance and/or virulence in two <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains belonging to the most frequent listeriosis-associated serovars (i.e., 1/2a and 4b), following their sublethal antimicrobial exposure, was studied through qPCR determination of the relative expression of 10 selected related genes (i.e., <i>groEL</i>, <i>hly</i>, <i>iap</i>, <i>inlA</i>, <i>inlB</i>, <i>lisK</i>, <i>mdrD</i>, <i>mdrL</i>, <i>prfA</i>, and <i>sigB</i>). To induce sublethal stress, three common antimicrobials (i.e., benzalkonium chloride, thymol, and ampicillin) were individually applied for 2 h at 37 °C against stationary phase cells of each strain, each at a sublethal concentration. In general, the expression of most of the studied genes remained either stable or was significantly downregulated following the antimicrobial exposure, with some strain-specific differences to be yet recorded. Thymol provoked downregulation of most of the studied genes, significantly limiting the expression of 6/10 and 4/10 genes in the strains of ser. 1/2a and ser. 4b, respectively, including those coding for the master regulators of stress response and virulence (SigB and PrfA, respectively), in both strains. At the same time, the two genes coding for the invasion internalin proteins (<i>InlA</i> and <i>InlB</i>), with crucial role in the onset of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> pathogenesis, were both importantly upregulated in ser. 4b strain. The results obtained increase our knowledge of the stress physiology of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> under certain sublethal antimicrobial conditions that could be encountered within the food chain and in clinical settings, and may assist in better and more effective mitigation strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:34:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8ce8d7bd28242c8b5e3e3cc64078ce6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:34:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8ce8d7bd28242c8b5e3e3cc64078ce62023-11-22T18:15:12ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-10-011010238210.3390/foods10102382Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial ExposureEleni-Anna Kokkoni0Nikolaos Andritsos1Christina Sakarikou2Sofia Michailidou3Anagnostis Argiriou4Efstathios Giaouris5Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, GreeceThe potential transcriptomic induction of resistance and/or virulence in two <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains belonging to the most frequent listeriosis-associated serovars (i.e., 1/2a and 4b), following their sublethal antimicrobial exposure, was studied through qPCR determination of the relative expression of 10 selected related genes (i.e., <i>groEL</i>, <i>hly</i>, <i>iap</i>, <i>inlA</i>, <i>inlB</i>, <i>lisK</i>, <i>mdrD</i>, <i>mdrL</i>, <i>prfA</i>, and <i>sigB</i>). To induce sublethal stress, three common antimicrobials (i.e., benzalkonium chloride, thymol, and ampicillin) were individually applied for 2 h at 37 °C against stationary phase cells of each strain, each at a sublethal concentration. In general, the expression of most of the studied genes remained either stable or was significantly downregulated following the antimicrobial exposure, with some strain-specific differences to be yet recorded. Thymol provoked downregulation of most of the studied genes, significantly limiting the expression of 6/10 and 4/10 genes in the strains of ser. 1/2a and ser. 4b, respectively, including those coding for the master regulators of stress response and virulence (SigB and PrfA, respectively), in both strains. At the same time, the two genes coding for the invasion internalin proteins (<i>InlA</i> and <i>InlB</i>), with crucial role in the onset of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> pathogenesis, were both importantly upregulated in ser. 4b strain. The results obtained increase our knowledge of the stress physiology of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> under certain sublethal antimicrobial conditions that could be encountered within the food chain and in clinical settings, and may assist in better and more effective mitigation strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/10/2382<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>benzalkonium chloridethymolampicillinsublethal antimicrobial exposuresurvival |
| spellingShingle | Eleni-Anna Kokkoni Nikolaos Andritsos Christina Sakarikou Sofia Michailidou Anagnostis Argiriou Efstathios Giaouris Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure Foods <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> benzalkonium chloride thymol ampicillin sublethal antimicrobial exposure survival |
| title | Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure |
| title_full | Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure |
| title_fullStr | Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure |
| title_short | Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and/or Virulence in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure |
| title_sort | investigating transcriptomic induction of resistance and or virulence in i listeria monocytogenes i cells surviving sublethal antimicrobial exposure |
| topic | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> benzalkonium chloride thymol ampicillin sublethal antimicrobial exposure survival |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/10/2382 |
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