Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient Mice
Myelin, critical for the correct function of the nervous system, is organized in different patterns that can include long non-myelinated axonal segments. How myelin patterning is regulated remains unexplained. The carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-4 (Gal-4) influences oligodendrocyte differentia...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/21/3485 |
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| author | María Elvira Brocca Arancha Mora-Rubio Elena Alonso-Calviño Elena Fernández-López Natalia Díez-Revuelta David Martos-Puñal Juan Aguilar Alonso M. Higuero José Abad-Rodríguez |
| author_facet | María Elvira Brocca Arancha Mora-Rubio Elena Alonso-Calviño Elena Fernández-López Natalia Díez-Revuelta David Martos-Puñal Juan Aguilar Alonso M. Higuero José Abad-Rodríguez |
| author_sort | María Elvira Brocca |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Myelin, critical for the correct function of the nervous system, is organized in different patterns that can include long non-myelinated axonal segments. How myelin patterning is regulated remains unexplained. The carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-4 (Gal-4) influences oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro and is associated with non-myelinable axon segments (NMS) in cultured neurons. In consequence, Gal-4 has been proposed as a myelin patterning regulator, although no in vivo studies have corroborated this hypothesis. We used Gal-4-deficient mice (Lgals4-KO) to study the role of Gal-4 in cortical myelination in vivo. We show that cultured neurons of Lgals4-KO mice form NMS that are regulated as in control neurons. In addition, oligodendrocyte/myelin markers expression measured by biochemical and immunochemical means, and cortical myelin microstructure studied by in-depth image analysis appear unaltered in these animals. Consistently, myelin displays an essentially normal function assessed by in vivo electrophysiology and locomotion analyses. In conclusion, cortical myelin of Lgals4-KO mice does not show any significant defect in composition, organization or function, pointing to a negligible role of Gal-4 in myelination in vivo or, as discussed, to unknown mechanisms that compensate its absence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:11:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8d0371fa3084cd98842847a0cc5e9fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:11:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8d0371fa3084cd98842847a0cc5e9fb2023-11-24T04:09:32ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-11-011121348510.3390/cells11213485Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient MiceMaría Elvira Brocca0Arancha Mora-Rubio1Elena Alonso-Calviño2Elena Fernández-López3Natalia Díez-Revuelta4David Martos-Puñal5Juan Aguilar6Alonso M. Higuero7José Abad-Rodríguez8Membrane Biology and Axonal Repair Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainMembrane Biology and Axonal Repair Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainExperimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainExperimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainMembrane Biology and Axonal Repair Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainMembrane Biology and Axonal Repair Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainExperimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainMembrane Biology and Axonal Repair Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainMembrane Biology and Axonal Repair Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainMyelin, critical for the correct function of the nervous system, is organized in different patterns that can include long non-myelinated axonal segments. How myelin patterning is regulated remains unexplained. The carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-4 (Gal-4) influences oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro and is associated with non-myelinable axon segments (NMS) in cultured neurons. In consequence, Gal-4 has been proposed as a myelin patterning regulator, although no in vivo studies have corroborated this hypothesis. We used Gal-4-deficient mice (Lgals4-KO) to study the role of Gal-4 in cortical myelination in vivo. We show that cultured neurons of Lgals4-KO mice form NMS that are regulated as in control neurons. In addition, oligodendrocyte/myelin markers expression measured by biochemical and immunochemical means, and cortical myelin microstructure studied by in-depth image analysis appear unaltered in these animals. Consistently, myelin displays an essentially normal function assessed by in vivo electrophysiology and locomotion analyses. In conclusion, cortical myelin of Lgals4-KO mice does not show any significant defect in composition, organization or function, pointing to a negligible role of Gal-4 in myelination in vivo or, as discussed, to unknown mechanisms that compensate its absence.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/21/3485myelinbrain cortexgalectin-4Lgals4-KOnon-myelinated axon segmentcortical neuron |
| spellingShingle | María Elvira Brocca Arancha Mora-Rubio Elena Alonso-Calviño Elena Fernández-López Natalia Díez-Revuelta David Martos-Puñal Juan Aguilar Alonso M. Higuero José Abad-Rodríguez Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient Mice Cells myelin brain cortex galectin-4 Lgals4-KO non-myelinated axon segment cortical neuron |
| title | Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient Mice |
| title_full | Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient Mice |
| title_fullStr | Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient Mice |
| title_short | Normal Cortical Myelination in Galectin-4-Deficient Mice |
| title_sort | normal cortical myelination in galectin 4 deficient mice |
| topic | myelin brain cortex galectin-4 Lgals4-KO non-myelinated axon segment cortical neuron |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/21/3485 |
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