The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature Review
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Theophylline (a methylxanthine) has been shown to prevent neonatal AKI but is seldom used due to its unfavorable profile. Caffeine, another methylxanthine, is utilized ubiquitously to treat apnea of prematuri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/5/529 |
| _version_ | 1797264546516172800 |
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| author | Nimisha Aithal Yogavijayan Kandasamy |
| author_facet | Nimisha Aithal Yogavijayan Kandasamy |
| author_sort | Nimisha Aithal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Theophylline (a methylxanthine) has been shown to prevent neonatal AKI but is seldom used due to its unfavorable profile. Caffeine, another methylxanthine, is utilized ubiquitously to treat apnea of prematurity, but there are no randomized trials evaluating its efficacy in preventing neonatal AKI. This literature review aims to summarize the existing research pertaining to the relationship between caffeine and neonatal AKI. The review was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. Inclusion criteria incorporated empirical studies, being published in English, and being available electronically. All eight studies identified were included. Seven studies found caffeine-exposed premature neonates had lower rates of AKI than caffeine-unexposed neonates. Four found reduced AKI severity with caffeine exposure. One study included term neonates and did not find a difference in the AKI rate between caffeine-exposed and non-exposed babies. Limitations include exclusively observational studies, short study periods, heterogenous definitions of prematurity, and a lack of assessment of dose–effect relationships. In conclusion, premature neonates exposed to caffeine appear to have lower rates and potentially less severe AKI. Further research is needed before caffeine can be considered for use in the primary prevention of neonatal AKI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:30:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8d217d7e1964e0f9fd123bdf6c826aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:30:37Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8d217d7e1964e0f9fd123bdf6c826aa2024-03-12T16:44:41ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322024-02-0112552910.3390/healthcare12050529The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature ReviewNimisha Aithal0Yogavijayan Kandasamy1Department of Pediatrics, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD 4811, AustraliaDepartment of Neonatology, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD 4811, AustraliaAcute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Theophylline (a methylxanthine) has been shown to prevent neonatal AKI but is seldom used due to its unfavorable profile. Caffeine, another methylxanthine, is utilized ubiquitously to treat apnea of prematurity, but there are no randomized trials evaluating its efficacy in preventing neonatal AKI. This literature review aims to summarize the existing research pertaining to the relationship between caffeine and neonatal AKI. The review was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. Inclusion criteria incorporated empirical studies, being published in English, and being available electronically. All eight studies identified were included. Seven studies found caffeine-exposed premature neonates had lower rates of AKI than caffeine-unexposed neonates. Four found reduced AKI severity with caffeine exposure. One study included term neonates and did not find a difference in the AKI rate between caffeine-exposed and non-exposed babies. Limitations include exclusively observational studies, short study periods, heterogenous definitions of prematurity, and a lack of assessment of dose–effect relationships. In conclusion, premature neonates exposed to caffeine appear to have lower rates and potentially less severe AKI. Further research is needed before caffeine can be considered for use in the primary prevention of neonatal AKI.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/5/529caffeinecaffeine citrateacute kidney injury (AKI)neonatepremature |
| spellingShingle | Nimisha Aithal Yogavijayan Kandasamy The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature Review Healthcare caffeine caffeine citrate acute kidney injury (AKI) neonate premature |
| title | The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature Review |
| title_full | The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature Review |
| title_short | The Babyccino: The Role of Caffeine in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates—A Literature Review |
| title_sort | babyccino the role of caffeine in the prevention of acute kidney injury in neonates a literature review |
| topic | caffeine caffeine citrate acute kidney injury (AKI) neonate premature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/5/529 |
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