Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study
Verticillium wilt is a major threat to many crops, among them alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The model plant Medicago truncatula, a close relative of alfalfa was used to study the genetic control of resistance towards a new Verticillium alfalfae isolate. The accidental introduction of pathogen strains t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1125551/full |
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| author | Amir Hossein Fartash Cécile Ben Cécile Ben Mélanie Mazurier Asa Ebrahimi Mojtaba Ghalandar Laurent Gentzbittel Laurent Gentzbittel Martina Rickauer |
| author_facet | Amir Hossein Fartash Cécile Ben Cécile Ben Mélanie Mazurier Asa Ebrahimi Mojtaba Ghalandar Laurent Gentzbittel Laurent Gentzbittel Martina Rickauer |
| author_sort | Amir Hossein Fartash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Verticillium wilt is a major threat to many crops, among them alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The model plant Medicago truncatula, a close relative of alfalfa was used to study the genetic control of resistance towards a new Verticillium alfalfae isolate. The accidental introduction of pathogen strains through global trade is a threat to crop production and such new strains might also be better adapted to global warming. Isolates of V. alfalfae were obtained from alfalfa fields in Iran and characterized. The Iranian isolate AF1 was used in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 242 accessions from the Mediterranean region. Root inoculations were performed with conidia at 25°C and symptoms were scored regularly. Maximum Symptom Score and Area under Disease Progess Curve were computed as phenotypic traits to be used in GWAS and for comparison to a previous study with French isolate V31.2 at 20°C. This comparison showed high correlation with a shift to higher susceptibility, and similar geographical distribution of resistant and susceptible accessions to AF1 at 25°C, with resistant accessions mainly in the western part. GWAS revealed 30 significant SNPs linked to resistance towards isolate AF1. None of them were common to the previous study with isolate V31.2 at 20°C. To confirm these loci, the expression of nine underlying genes was studied. All genes were induced in roots following inoculation, in susceptible and resistant plants. However, in resistant plants induction was higher and lasted longer. Taken together, the use of a new pathogen strain and a shift in temperature revealed a completely different genetic control compared to a previous study that demonstrated the existence of two major QTLs. These results can be useful for Medicago breeding programs to obtain varieties better adapted to future conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:07:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8ed0a6c63314caba3b65ea009246514 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:07:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8ed0a6c63314caba3b65ea0092465142023-04-14T05:40:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-04-011410.3389/fpls.2023.11255511125551Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association studyAmir Hossein Fartash0Cécile Ben1Cécile Ben2Mélanie Mazurier3Asa Ebrahimi4Mojtaba Ghalandar5Laurent Gentzbittel6Laurent Gentzbittel7Martina Rickauer8Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique, Université Toulouse 3 – Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique, Université Toulouse 3 – Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, FranceProject Center for Agro Technologies, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, RussiaLaboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique, Université Toulouse 3 – Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, FranceDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranPlant Protection Department, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Arak, IranLaboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique, Université Toulouse 3 – Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, FranceProject Center for Agro Technologies, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, RussiaLaboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique, Université Toulouse 3 – Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, FranceVerticillium wilt is a major threat to many crops, among them alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The model plant Medicago truncatula, a close relative of alfalfa was used to study the genetic control of resistance towards a new Verticillium alfalfae isolate. The accidental introduction of pathogen strains through global trade is a threat to crop production and such new strains might also be better adapted to global warming. Isolates of V. alfalfae were obtained from alfalfa fields in Iran and characterized. The Iranian isolate AF1 was used in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 242 accessions from the Mediterranean region. Root inoculations were performed with conidia at 25°C and symptoms were scored regularly. Maximum Symptom Score and Area under Disease Progess Curve were computed as phenotypic traits to be used in GWAS and for comparison to a previous study with French isolate V31.2 at 20°C. This comparison showed high correlation with a shift to higher susceptibility, and similar geographical distribution of resistant and susceptible accessions to AF1 at 25°C, with resistant accessions mainly in the western part. GWAS revealed 30 significant SNPs linked to resistance towards isolate AF1. None of them were common to the previous study with isolate V31.2 at 20°C. To confirm these loci, the expression of nine underlying genes was studied. All genes were induced in roots following inoculation, in susceptible and resistant plants. However, in resistant plants induction was higher and lasted longer. Taken together, the use of a new pathogen strain and a shift in temperature revealed a completely different genetic control compared to a previous study that demonstrated the existence of two major QTLs. These results can be useful for Medicago breeding programs to obtain varieties better adapted to future conditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1125551/fullalfalfabiotic stressfungal pathogengene expressionglobal warminglegume |
| spellingShingle | Amir Hossein Fartash Cécile Ben Cécile Ben Mélanie Mazurier Asa Ebrahimi Mojtaba Ghalandar Laurent Gentzbittel Laurent Gentzbittel Martina Rickauer Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study Frontiers in Plant Science alfalfa biotic stress fungal pathogen gene expression global warming legume |
| title | Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study |
| title_full | Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study |
| title_fullStr | Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study |
| title_short | Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study |
| title_sort | medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of verticillium alfalfae from iran revealed by a genome wide association study |
| topic | alfalfa biotic stress fungal pathogen gene expression global warming legume |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1125551/full |
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