Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst
In this paper, liquefaction of sodium lignosulfonate (SL) over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst in methanol/glycerol was investigated. Effects of temperature, time, the ratio of methanol to glycerol and catalyst dosage were also studied. It was...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Catalysts |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/995 |
| _version_ | 1797554951328628736 |
|---|---|
| author | Chengguo Mei Chengjuan Hu Qixiang Hu Chang Sun Liang Li Xiaoxuan Liang Yuguo Dong Xiaoli Gu |
| author_facet | Chengguo Mei Chengjuan Hu Qixiang Hu Chang Sun Liang Li Xiaoxuan Liang Yuguo Dong Xiaoli Gu |
| author_sort | Chengguo Mei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, liquefaction of sodium lignosulfonate (SL) over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst in methanol/glycerol was investigated. Effects of temperature, time, the ratio of methanol to glycerol and catalyst dosage were also studied. It was indicated that optimal reaction condition (the temperature of 160 °C, the time of 1 h, solvent ratio (methanol/glycerol) of 2:1, catalyst dosage of 5 wt % (based on lignin input)) was obtained after sets of experiments. The maximum yields of liquefaction (89.8%) and bio-oil (86.8%) were gained under the optimal reaction conditions. Bio-oil was analyzed by elemental analysis, FT-IR and gas chromatogram and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). It was shown that the functional groups of bio-oil were enriched and calorific value of bio-oil was increased. Finally, it can be seen from GC/MS analysis that the type of products included alcohols, ethers, phenols, ketones, esters and acids. Phenolic compounds mainly consisted of G (guaiacyl)-type phenols. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:39:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8f1f45677454e168d2d297760b9fa7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:39:20Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8f1f45677454e168d2d297760b9fa7b2023-11-20T12:09:58ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442020-09-0110999510.3390/catal10090995Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> CatalystChengguo Mei0Chengjuan Hu1Qixiang Hu2Chang Sun3Liang Li4Xiaoxuan Liang5Yuguo Dong6Xiaoli Gu7Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaIn this paper, liquefaction of sodium lignosulfonate (SL) over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst in methanol/glycerol was investigated. Effects of temperature, time, the ratio of methanol to glycerol and catalyst dosage were also studied. It was indicated that optimal reaction condition (the temperature of 160 °C, the time of 1 h, solvent ratio (methanol/glycerol) of 2:1, catalyst dosage of 5 wt % (based on lignin input)) was obtained after sets of experiments. The maximum yields of liquefaction (89.8%) and bio-oil (86.8%) were gained under the optimal reaction conditions. Bio-oil was analyzed by elemental analysis, FT-IR and gas chromatogram and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). It was shown that the functional groups of bio-oil were enriched and calorific value of bio-oil was increased. Finally, it can be seen from GC/MS analysis that the type of products included alcohols, ethers, phenols, ketones, esters and acids. Phenolic compounds mainly consisted of G (guaiacyl)-type phenols.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/995sodium lignosulfonatebio-oilLiquefactionSO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Chengguo Mei Chengjuan Hu Qixiang Hu Chang Sun Liang Li Xiaoxuan Liang Yuguo Dong Xiaoli Gu Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst Catalysts sodium lignosulfonate bio-oil Liquefaction SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> |
| title | Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst |
| title_full | Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst |
| title_short | Effective Depolymerization of Sodium Lignosulfonate over SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst |
| title_sort | effective depolymerization of sodium lignosulfonate over so sub 4 sub sup 2 sup tio sub 2 sub catalyst |
| topic | sodium lignosulfonate bio-oil Liquefaction SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/995 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chengguomei effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst AT chengjuanhu effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst AT qixianghu effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst AT changsun effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst AT liangli effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst AT xiaoxuanliang effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst AT yuguodong effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst AT xiaoligu effectivedepolymerizationofsodiumlignosulfonateoversosub4subsup2suptiosub2subcatalyst |