Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon Chemistry
Abstract The ability to manipulate magnetic anisotropy is essential for magnetic sensing and storage tools. Surface carbon species offer cost‐effective alternatives to metal‐oxide and noble metal capping layers, inducing perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin ferromagnetic films. Here, the d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Advanced Electronic Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202300579 |
| _version_ | 1797216604799369216 |
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| author | Carlo Alberto Brondin Sukanya Ghosh Saikat Debnath Francesca Genuzio Pietro Genoni Matteo Jugovac Stefano Bonetti Nadia Binggeli Nataša Stojić Andrea Locatelli Tevfik Onur Menteş |
| author_facet | Carlo Alberto Brondin Sukanya Ghosh Saikat Debnath Francesca Genuzio Pietro Genoni Matteo Jugovac Stefano Bonetti Nadia Binggeli Nataša Stojić Andrea Locatelli Tevfik Onur Menteş |
| author_sort | Carlo Alberto Brondin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The ability to manipulate magnetic anisotropy is essential for magnetic sensing and storage tools. Surface carbon species offer cost‐effective alternatives to metal‐oxide and noble metal capping layers, inducing perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin ferromagnetic films. Here, the different mechanisms by which the magnetism in a few‐layer‐thick Co thin film is modified upon adsorption of carbon monoxide (CO), dispersed carbon, and graphene are elucidated. Using X‐ray microscopy with chemical and magnetic sensitivity, the in‐plane to out‐of‐plane spin reorientation transition in cobalt is monitored during the accumulation of surface carbon up to the formation of graphene. Complementary magneto‐optical measurements show weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) at room temperature for dispersed carbon on Co, while graphene‐covered cobalt exhibits a significant out‐of‐plane coercive field. Density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations show that going from CO/Co to C/Co and to graphene/Co, the magnetocrystalline and magnetostatic anisotropies combined promote out‐of‐plane magnetization. Anisotropy energies weakly depend on carbidic species coverage. Instead, the evolution of the carbon chemical state from carbidic to graphitic is accompanied by an exponential increase in the characteristic domain size, controlled by the magnetic anisotropy energy. Beyond providing a basic understanding of the carbon‐ferromagnet interfaces, this study presents a sustainable approach to tailor magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin ferromagnetic films. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:48:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8f76e9e9fe14add8c988b2b448d5ba9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2199-160X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:48:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Electronic Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8f76e9e9fe14add8c988b2b448d5ba92024-04-09T09:05:47ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Electronic Materials2199-160X2024-04-01104n/an/a10.1002/aelm.202300579Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon ChemistryCarlo Alberto Brondin0Sukanya Ghosh1Saikat Debnath2Francesca Genuzio3Pietro Genoni4Matteo Jugovac5Stefano Bonetti6Nadia Binggeli7Nataša Stojić8Andrea Locatelli9Tevfik Onur Menteş10Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia Via Torino 155 Venezia Venezia Mestre 30172 ItaliaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Ångströmlaboratoriet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1 Box 516 Uppsala 75120 SwedenDepartment of Physics M. V. College HXC8+588, Charitra Van Buxar Bihar 802101 IndiaElettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA Strada Statale 14 ‐ km 163,5 in Area Science Park Trieste Basovizza 34149 ItaliaDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia CIMaINa, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria 16 Milano 20133 ItaliaElettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA Strada Statale 14 ‐ km 163,5 in Area Science Park Trieste Basovizza 34149 ItaliaDipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia Via Torino 155 Venezia Venezia Mestre 30172 ItaliaThe Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics ICTP ‐ Strada Costiera 11 Trieste 34151 ItaliaThe Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics ICTP ‐ Strada Costiera 11 Trieste 34151 ItaliaElettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA Strada Statale 14 ‐ km 163,5 in Area Science Park Trieste Basovizza 34149 ItaliaElettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA Strada Statale 14 ‐ km 163,5 in Area Science Park Trieste Basovizza 34149 ItaliaAbstract The ability to manipulate magnetic anisotropy is essential for magnetic sensing and storage tools. Surface carbon species offer cost‐effective alternatives to metal‐oxide and noble metal capping layers, inducing perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin ferromagnetic films. Here, the different mechanisms by which the magnetism in a few‐layer‐thick Co thin film is modified upon adsorption of carbon monoxide (CO), dispersed carbon, and graphene are elucidated. Using X‐ray microscopy with chemical and magnetic sensitivity, the in‐plane to out‐of‐plane spin reorientation transition in cobalt is monitored during the accumulation of surface carbon up to the formation of graphene. Complementary magneto‐optical measurements show weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) at room temperature for dispersed carbon on Co, while graphene‐covered cobalt exhibits a significant out‐of‐plane coercive field. Density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations show that going from CO/Co to C/Co and to graphene/Co, the magnetocrystalline and magnetostatic anisotropies combined promote out‐of‐plane magnetization. Anisotropy energies weakly depend on carbidic species coverage. Instead, the evolution of the carbon chemical state from carbidic to graphitic is accompanied by an exponential increase in the characteristic domain size, controlled by the magnetic anisotropy energy. Beyond providing a basic understanding of the carbon‐ferromagnet interfaces, this study presents a sustainable approach to tailor magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin ferromagnetic films.https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202300579carbondensity‐functional theorymagnetic anisotropyultrathin filmX‐ray imaging |
| spellingShingle | Carlo Alberto Brondin Sukanya Ghosh Saikat Debnath Francesca Genuzio Pietro Genoni Matteo Jugovac Stefano Bonetti Nadia Binggeli Nataša Stojić Andrea Locatelli Tevfik Onur Menteş Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon Chemistry Advanced Electronic Materials carbon density‐functional theory magnetic anisotropy ultrathin film X‐ray imaging |
| title | Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon Chemistry |
| title_full | Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon Chemistry |
| title_fullStr | Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon Chemistry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon Chemistry |
| title_short | Tailoring Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin Cobalt by Surface Carbon Chemistry |
| title_sort | tailoring magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin cobalt by surface carbon chemistry |
| topic | carbon density‐functional theory magnetic anisotropy ultrathin film X‐ray imaging |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202300579 |
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