Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.)
In current study, the effect of gibberellic acid was tested for production of biomass, polyphenolics and Steviol glycosides in adventitious root cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i>. Adventitious cultures were induced from the roots of in vitro grown plantlets on Murashige and Skoog (MS)...
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/420 |
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| author | Ashfaq Ahmad Haider Ali Habiba Khan Almas Begam Sheraz Khan Syed Shujait Ali Naveed Ahmad Hina Fazal Mohammad Ali Christophe Hano Nisar Ahmad Bilal Haider Abbasi |
| author_facet | Ashfaq Ahmad Haider Ali Habiba Khan Almas Begam Sheraz Khan Syed Shujait Ali Naveed Ahmad Hina Fazal Mohammad Ali Christophe Hano Nisar Ahmad Bilal Haider Abbasi |
| author_sort | Ashfaq Ahmad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In current study, the effect of gibberellic acid was tested for production of biomass, polyphenolics and Steviol glycosides in adventitious root cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i>. Adventitious cultures were induced from the roots of in vitro grown plantlets on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing combination of gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>; 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.5 mg/L). Initially, a known mass of inoculum roots were shifted into suspension media augmented with various GA<sub>3</sub> concentrations. The growth behavior of adventitious roots was recorded every 3 days for a period of 30 days. Maximum biomass biosynthesis (13.12 g/flask) was noticed in exponential phase on 27th day in the suspension containing 2.0 mg/L of GA<sub>3</sub>. Other GA<sub>3</sub> concentrations also displayed optimum patterns of biomass accumulation as compared to the control. Adventitious roots were investigated for total phenolic content (TPC) and production (TPP), total flavonoid content (TFC) and production (TFP), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-based antioxidant potential. Maximum phenolics (TPC 9.84 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g-dry weight (DW)) and TPP (147.6 mg/L), TFC (5.12 mg Quercitin equivalent (QE)/g-DW) and TFP (76.91 mg/L) were observed in 2.0 mg/L GA<sub>3</sub> treated cultures. The same concentration of gibberellic acid enhanced antioxidant activity (77.2%). Furthermore, maximum stevioside (7.13 mg/g-DW), rebaudioside-A (0.27 mg/g-DW) and dulcoside-A (0.001 mg/g-DW) were observed in roots exposed to 2.0 mg/L GA<sub>3</sub>. This is the first report on the application of GA<sub>3</sub> on biomass accumulation and secondary metabolite production in <i>S. rebaudiana</i>. The current study will be helpful to scale up the adventitious root cultures in bioreactors for the production of biomass and pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f8fe5296f8e142d6a24c6cd1f60d51cd2023-11-19T20:09:41ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-03-019442010.3390/plants9040420Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.)Ashfaq Ahmad0Haider Ali1Habiba Khan2Almas Begam3Sheraz Khan4Syed Shujait Ali5Naveed Ahmad6Hina Fazal7Mohammad Ali8Christophe Hano9Nisar Ahmad10Bilal Haider Abbasi11Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanCentre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanCentre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanCentre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanCentre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanCentre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanDepartment of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, PakistanPakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25120, PakistanCentre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanUniversité d’Orléans, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, F28000 Chartres, FranceCentre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, PakistanDepartment of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 45320, PakistanIn current study, the effect of gibberellic acid was tested for production of biomass, polyphenolics and Steviol glycosides in adventitious root cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i>. Adventitious cultures were induced from the roots of in vitro grown plantlets on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing combination of gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>; 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.5 mg/L). Initially, a known mass of inoculum roots were shifted into suspension media augmented with various GA<sub>3</sub> concentrations. The growth behavior of adventitious roots was recorded every 3 days for a period of 30 days. Maximum biomass biosynthesis (13.12 g/flask) was noticed in exponential phase on 27th day in the suspension containing 2.0 mg/L of GA<sub>3</sub>. Other GA<sub>3</sub> concentrations also displayed optimum patterns of biomass accumulation as compared to the control. Adventitious roots were investigated for total phenolic content (TPC) and production (TPP), total flavonoid content (TFC) and production (TFP), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-based antioxidant potential. Maximum phenolics (TPC 9.84 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g-dry weight (DW)) and TPP (147.6 mg/L), TFC (5.12 mg Quercitin equivalent (QE)/g-DW) and TFP (76.91 mg/L) were observed in 2.0 mg/L GA<sub>3</sub> treated cultures. The same concentration of gibberellic acid enhanced antioxidant activity (77.2%). Furthermore, maximum stevioside (7.13 mg/g-DW), rebaudioside-A (0.27 mg/g-DW) and dulcoside-A (0.001 mg/g-DW) were observed in roots exposed to 2.0 mg/L GA<sub>3</sub>. This is the first report on the application of GA<sub>3</sub> on biomass accumulation and secondary metabolite production in <i>S. rebaudiana</i>. The current study will be helpful to scale up the adventitious root cultures in bioreactors for the production of biomass and pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/420<i>Stevia rebaudiana</i>gibberellic acidsteviol glycosidespolyphenolicsantioxidant activity |
| spellingShingle | Ashfaq Ahmad Haider Ali Habiba Khan Almas Begam Sheraz Khan Syed Shujait Ali Naveed Ahmad Hina Fazal Mohammad Ali Christophe Hano Nisar Ahmad Bilal Haider Abbasi Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.) Plants <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> gibberellic acid steviol glycosides polyphenolics antioxidant activity |
| title | Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.) |
| title_full | Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.) |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.) |
| title_short | Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bert.) |
| title_sort | effect of gibberellic acid on production of biomass polyphenolics and steviol glycosides in adventitious root cultures of i stevia rebaudiana i bert |
| topic | <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> gibberellic acid steviol glycosides polyphenolics antioxidant activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/420 |
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