Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core Collection
Domestication and extensive selection in the development of modern, high-yielding commercial groundnut cultivars have resulted in the selection of an undesirable trait known as in situ germination, which is also referred to as the pre-harvest sprouting of seeds. This is particularly prevalent in reg...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/1/112 |
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| author | Deekshitha Bomireddy Vinay Sharma Ramachandran Senthil Mangala Reddisekhar Priya Shah Kuldeep Singh Devarapalli Mohan Reddy Palagiri Sudhakar Bommu Veera Bhaskara Reddy Manish K. Pandey |
| author_facet | Deekshitha Bomireddy Vinay Sharma Ramachandran Senthil Mangala Reddisekhar Priya Shah Kuldeep Singh Devarapalli Mohan Reddy Palagiri Sudhakar Bommu Veera Bhaskara Reddy Manish K. Pandey |
| author_sort | Deekshitha Bomireddy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Domestication and extensive selection in the development of modern, high-yielding commercial groundnut cultivars have resulted in the selection of an undesirable trait known as in situ germination, which is also referred to as the pre-harvest sprouting of seeds. This is particularly prevalent in regions where humid weather coincides with the harvest season. Delayed harvesting and pre-sprouting can cause production losses and increase the chances of aflatoxin contamination, thereby impeding the quality and kernel yield. Breeding early maturing groundnut cultivars with 2–3 weeks of fresh seed dormancy, particularly in Spanish-type cultivars, enhances the sustainability of agriculture. In this context, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of a groundnut mini-core collection, a major resource for genetic diversity, for fresh seed dormancy using an in vitro germination assay for two seasons, viz., rainy 2022 and post-rainy 2022–2023 at ICRISAT (Hyderabad). To enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of traditional breeding methods via the use of markers for marker-assisted selection, we performed molecular screening of the mini-core accessions using two allele-specific markers. The <i>GMFSD1</i> marker was successfully validated by effectively differentiating dormant and non-dormant genotypes. By employing phenotypic and marker data, we identified a set of accessions, viz., ICG 5827 (Virginia Runner), ICG 11457 (Virginia Runner), ICG 7000 (Virginia Bunch), and ICG 11322 (Virginia Bunch) of sub spp. <i>hypogaea</i> var. <i>hypogaea</i> and ICG 9809 (Spanish Bunch) of sub spp. <i>fastigiata</i> var. <i>vulgaris</i> that exhibited a fresh seed dormancy period ranging from 2 to 3 weeks. These identified accessions hold potential as donors in breeding programs that are designed to address the groundnut production needs in various cropping systems across different countries. The validated marker, particularly <i>GMFSD1</i>, demonstrated considerable potential for facilitating faster breeding of groundnut cultivars with the desired dormancy using marker-assisted selection. This research provides a foundation to expediting groundnut breeding programs and offers opportunities to mitigate pre-harvest sprouting, ultimately improving seed quality and productivity in groundnut-producing regions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:08:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f8ffa770b1ed4cd89b57919ab026350c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:08:58Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-f8ffa770b1ed4cd89b57919ab026350c2024-01-26T14:24:37ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-01-0114111210.3390/agronomy14010112Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core CollectionDeekshitha Bomireddy0Vinay Sharma1Ramachandran Senthil2Mangala Reddisekhar3Priya Shah4Kuldeep Singh5Devarapalli Mohan Reddy6Palagiri Sudhakar7Bommu Veera Bhaskara Reddy8Manish K. Pandey9International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, IndiaDepartment of Genetics & Plant Breeding, S. V. Agricultural College, ANGRAU, Tirupati 517502, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, IndiaInstitute of Frontier Technology, RARS, ANGRAU, Tirupati 517502, IndiaDepartment of Genetics & Plant Breeding, S. V. Agricultural College, ANGRAU, Tirupati 517502, IndiaInstitute of Frontier Technology, RARS, ANGRAU, Tirupati 517502, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, IndiaDomestication and extensive selection in the development of modern, high-yielding commercial groundnut cultivars have resulted in the selection of an undesirable trait known as in situ germination, which is also referred to as the pre-harvest sprouting of seeds. This is particularly prevalent in regions where humid weather coincides with the harvest season. Delayed harvesting and pre-sprouting can cause production losses and increase the chances of aflatoxin contamination, thereby impeding the quality and kernel yield. Breeding early maturing groundnut cultivars with 2–3 weeks of fresh seed dormancy, particularly in Spanish-type cultivars, enhances the sustainability of agriculture. In this context, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of a groundnut mini-core collection, a major resource for genetic diversity, for fresh seed dormancy using an in vitro germination assay for two seasons, viz., rainy 2022 and post-rainy 2022–2023 at ICRISAT (Hyderabad). To enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of traditional breeding methods via the use of markers for marker-assisted selection, we performed molecular screening of the mini-core accessions using two allele-specific markers. The <i>GMFSD1</i> marker was successfully validated by effectively differentiating dormant and non-dormant genotypes. By employing phenotypic and marker data, we identified a set of accessions, viz., ICG 5827 (Virginia Runner), ICG 11457 (Virginia Runner), ICG 7000 (Virginia Bunch), and ICG 11322 (Virginia Bunch) of sub spp. <i>hypogaea</i> var. <i>hypogaea</i> and ICG 9809 (Spanish Bunch) of sub spp. <i>fastigiata</i> var. <i>vulgaris</i> that exhibited a fresh seed dormancy period ranging from 2 to 3 weeks. These identified accessions hold potential as donors in breeding programs that are designed to address the groundnut production needs in various cropping systems across different countries. The validated marker, particularly <i>GMFSD1</i>, demonstrated considerable potential for facilitating faster breeding of groundnut cultivars with the desired dormancy using marker-assisted selection. This research provides a foundation to expediting groundnut breeding programs and offers opportunities to mitigate pre-harvest sprouting, ultimately improving seed quality and productivity in groundnut-producing regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/1/112fresh seed dormancyin vitro germinationmini-corepre-harvest sproutingvalidation |
| spellingShingle | Deekshitha Bomireddy Vinay Sharma Ramachandran Senthil Mangala Reddisekhar Priya Shah Kuldeep Singh Devarapalli Mohan Reddy Palagiri Sudhakar Bommu Veera Bhaskara Reddy Manish K. Pandey Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core Collection Agronomy fresh seed dormancy in vitro germination mini-core pre-harvest sprouting validation |
| title | Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core Collection |
| title_full | Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core Collection |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core Collection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core Collection |
| title_short | Identification of Donors for Fresh Seed Dormancy and Marker Validation in a Diverse Groundnut Mini-Core Collection |
| title_sort | identification of donors for fresh seed dormancy and marker validation in a diverse groundnut mini core collection |
| topic | fresh seed dormancy in vitro germination mini-core pre-harvest sprouting validation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/1/112 |
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