Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents
Silver has a long history of antimicrobial activity and received an increasing interest in last decades owing to the rise in antimicrobial resistance. The major drawback is the limited duration of its antimicrobial activity. The broad-spectrum silver containing antimicrobial agents are well represen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/11/4435 |
| _version_ | 1827739397837029376 |
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| author | Luisa Ronga Mario Varcamonti Diego Tesauro |
| author_facet | Luisa Ronga Mario Varcamonti Diego Tesauro |
| author_sort | Luisa Ronga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Silver has a long history of antimicrobial activity and received an increasing interest in last decades owing to the rise in antimicrobial resistance. The major drawback is the limited duration of its antimicrobial activity. The broad-spectrum silver containing antimicrobial agents are well represented by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) silver complexes. Due to their stability, this class of complexes can release the active Ag<sup>+</sup> cations in prolonged time. Moreover, the properties of NHC can be tuned introducing alkyl moieties on N-heterocycle to provide a range of versatile structures with different stability and lipophilicity. This review presents designed Ag complexes and their biological activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungal strains. In particular, the structure–activity relationships underlining the major requirements to increase the capability to induce microorganism death are highlighted here. Moreover, some examples of encapsulation of silver–NHC complexes in polymer-based supramolecular aggregates are reported. The targeted delivery of silver complexes to the infected sites will be the most promising goal for the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:02:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f919c9feef314d81903a0157df723a61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:02:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f919c9feef314d81903a0157df723a612023-11-18T08:16:35ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-05-012811443510.3390/molecules28114435Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial AgentsLuisa Ronga0Mario Varcamonti1Diego Tesauro2Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, 64053 Pau, FranceDepartment of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cynthia, 80143 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, ItalySilver has a long history of antimicrobial activity and received an increasing interest in last decades owing to the rise in antimicrobial resistance. The major drawback is the limited duration of its antimicrobial activity. The broad-spectrum silver containing antimicrobial agents are well represented by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) silver complexes. Due to their stability, this class of complexes can release the active Ag<sup>+</sup> cations in prolonged time. Moreover, the properties of NHC can be tuned introducing alkyl moieties on N-heterocycle to provide a range of versatile structures with different stability and lipophilicity. This review presents designed Ag complexes and their biological activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungal strains. In particular, the structure–activity relationships underlining the major requirements to increase the capability to induce microorganism death are highlighted here. Moreover, some examples of encapsulation of silver–NHC complexes in polymer-based supramolecular aggregates are reported. The targeted delivery of silver complexes to the infected sites will be the most promising goal for the future.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/11/4435NHC silver complexesNHCs propertiesstructure activity relationships (SAR)anti-bacterial compounds |
| spellingShingle | Luisa Ronga Mario Varcamonti Diego Tesauro Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents Molecules NHC silver complexes NHCs properties structure activity relationships (SAR) anti-bacterial compounds |
| title | Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_full | Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_fullStr | Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_short | Structure–Activity Relationships in NHC–Silver Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_sort | structure activity relationships in nhc silver complexes as antimicrobial agents |
| topic | NHC silver complexes NHCs properties structure activity relationships (SAR) anti-bacterial compounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/11/4435 |
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