Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i>
Plants have a wide range of active compounds crucial in treating various diseases. Most people consume plants and herbals as an alternative medicine to improve their health and abilities. <i>A. angustiloba</i> extract showed antinematodal activity against <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophi...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/9/234 |
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| author | Nurhidayah Ab. Rahim Muhammad Nabil Fikri Roslan Musthahimah Muhamad Azman Seeni |
| author_facet | Nurhidayah Ab. Rahim Muhammad Nabil Fikri Roslan Musthahimah Muhamad Azman Seeni |
| author_sort | Nurhidayah Ab. Rahim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants have a wide range of active compounds crucial in treating various diseases. Most people consume plants and herbals as an alternative medicine to improve their health and abilities. <i>A. angustiloba</i> extract showed antinematodal activity against <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i>, antitrypanosomal action against <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> and anti-plasmodial activity against the chloroquine-resistant <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> K1 strain. Moreover, it has demonstrated growth inhibitory properties towards several human cancer cell lines, such as MDA-MB-231, SKOV-3, HeLa, KB cells and A431. DPPH and ABTS assays were carried out to determine the antioxidant activity of the aqueous and 60% methanolic extract of <i>A. angustiloba</i> leaves. Moreover, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified. The presence of potential active compounds was then screened using liquid chromatography coupled with a Q-TOF mass spectrometer (LC–MS) equipped with a dual electrospray ionisation (ESI) source. The EC<sub>50</sub> values measured by DPPH for the 60% methanolic and aqueous extracts of <i>A. angustiloba</i> leaves were 80.38 and 94.11 µg/mL, respectively, and for the ABTS assays were 85.80 and 115.43 µg/mL, respectively. The 60% methanolic extract exhibited the highest value of total phenolic and total flavonoid (382.53 ± 15.00 mg GAE/g and 23.45 ± 1.04 mg QE/g), while the aqueous extract had the least value (301.17 ± 3.49 mg GAE/g and 9.73 ± 1.76 mg QE/g). The LC–MS analysis revealed the presence of 103 and 140 compounds in the aqueous and 60% methanolic extract, respectively. It consists of phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, glycosides, alkaloids, etc. It can be concluded that the therapeutic action of this plant is derived from the presence of various active compounds; however, further research is necessary to determine its efficacy in treating diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:32:25Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-8739 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:32:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f91d89f84e694640994f9c181d3aeb9a2023-11-23T18:54:30ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392022-09-019923410.3390/separations9090234Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i>Nurhidayah Ab. Rahim0Muhammad Nabil Fikri Roslan1Musthahimah Muhamad2Azman Seeni3Fakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Bertam, Pulau Pinang 13200, MalaysiaFakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Bertam, Pulau Pinang 13200, MalaysiaDepartment of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 13200, MalaysiaDepartment of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 13200, MalaysiaPlants have a wide range of active compounds crucial in treating various diseases. Most people consume plants and herbals as an alternative medicine to improve their health and abilities. <i>A. angustiloba</i> extract showed antinematodal activity against <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i>, antitrypanosomal action against <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> and anti-plasmodial activity against the chloroquine-resistant <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> K1 strain. Moreover, it has demonstrated growth inhibitory properties towards several human cancer cell lines, such as MDA-MB-231, SKOV-3, HeLa, KB cells and A431. DPPH and ABTS assays were carried out to determine the antioxidant activity of the aqueous and 60% methanolic extract of <i>A. angustiloba</i> leaves. Moreover, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified. The presence of potential active compounds was then screened using liquid chromatography coupled with a Q-TOF mass spectrometer (LC–MS) equipped with a dual electrospray ionisation (ESI) source. The EC<sub>50</sub> values measured by DPPH for the 60% methanolic and aqueous extracts of <i>A. angustiloba</i> leaves were 80.38 and 94.11 µg/mL, respectively, and for the ABTS assays were 85.80 and 115.43 µg/mL, respectively. The 60% methanolic extract exhibited the highest value of total phenolic and total flavonoid (382.53 ± 15.00 mg GAE/g and 23.45 ± 1.04 mg QE/g), while the aqueous extract had the least value (301.17 ± 3.49 mg GAE/g and 9.73 ± 1.76 mg QE/g). The LC–MS analysis revealed the presence of 103 and 140 compounds in the aqueous and 60% methanolic extract, respectively. It consists of phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, glycosides, alkaloids, etc. It can be concluded that the therapeutic action of this plant is derived from the presence of various active compounds; however, further research is necessary to determine its efficacy in treating diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/9/234<i>Alstonia angustiloba</i>total phenolictotal flavonoidantioxidantLC–MS |
| spellingShingle | Nurhidayah Ab. Rahim Muhammad Nabil Fikri Roslan Musthahimah Muhamad Azman Seeni Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> Separations <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> total phenolic total flavonoid antioxidant LC–MS |
| title | Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> |
| title_full | Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> |
| title_short | Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and LC–MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> |
| title_sort | antioxidant activity total phenolic and flavonoid content and lc ms profiling of leaves extracts of i alstonia angustiloba i |
| topic | <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> total phenolic total flavonoid antioxidant LC–MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/9/234 |
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