<i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation
<i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> has been recognized as a relevant opportunistic pathogen, particularly its persistence in neonatal ICUs around the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of clinical isolates of <i>S. capitis</i> and t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/2/147 |
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| author | Letícia Calixto Romero Lucas Porangaba Silva Nathalia Bibiana Teixeira Karen Vilegas de Camargo Milena Aparecida Del Masso Pereira José Eduardo Corrente Valéria Cataneli Pereira Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha |
| author_facet | Letícia Calixto Romero Lucas Porangaba Silva Nathalia Bibiana Teixeira Karen Vilegas de Camargo Milena Aparecida Del Masso Pereira José Eduardo Corrente Valéria Cataneli Pereira Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha |
| author_sort | Letícia Calixto Romero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> has been recognized as a relevant opportunistic pathogen, particularly its persistence in neonatal ICUs around the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of clinical isolates of <i>S. capitis</i> and to characterize the factors involved in the persistence and pathogenesis of these strains isolated from blood cultures collected in a hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 141 <i>S. capitis</i> strains were submitted to detection of the <i>mecA</i> gene and S<i>CCmec</i> typing by multiplex PCR. Genes involved in biofilm production and genes encoding enterotoxins and hemolysins were detected by conventional PCR. Biofilm formation was evaluated by the polystyrene plate adherence test and phenotypic resistance was investigated by the disk diffusion method. Finally, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to analyze the clonal relationship between isolates. The <i>mecA</i> gene was detected in 99 (70.2%) isolates, with this percentage reaching 100% in the neonatal ICU. SCC<i>mec</i> type III was the most prevalent type, detected in 31 (31.3%) isolates and co-occurrence of SCC<i>mec</i> was also observed. In vitro biofilm formation was detected in 46 (32.6%) isolates but was not correlated with the presence of the <i>ica</i> operon genes. Furthermore, biofilm production in ICU isolates was favored by hyperosmotic conditions, which are common in ICUs because of the frequent parenteral nutrition. Analysis of the clonal relationship between the isolates investigated in the present study confirms a homogeneous profile of <i>S. capitis</i> and the persistence of clones that are prevalent in the neonatal ICU and disseminated across the hospital. This study highlights the adaptation of isolates to specific hospital environments and their high clonality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f92f7b6f6de6470db164b4637f339930 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:05Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f92f7b6f6de6470db164b4637f3399302024-02-23T15:05:03ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822024-02-0113214710.3390/antibiotics13020147<i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm FormationLetícia Calixto Romero0Lucas Porangaba Silva1Nathalia Bibiana Teixeira2Karen Vilegas de Camargo3Milena Aparecida Del Masso Pereira4José Eduardo Corrente5Valéria Cataneli Pereira6Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha7Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-691, BrazilDepartment of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-691, BrazilDepartment of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-691, BrazilDepartment of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-691, BrazilDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, BrazilDepartment of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-900, BrazilMicrobiology Laboratory, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente 18618-970, BrazilDepartment of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil<i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> has been recognized as a relevant opportunistic pathogen, particularly its persistence in neonatal ICUs around the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of clinical isolates of <i>S. capitis</i> and to characterize the factors involved in the persistence and pathogenesis of these strains isolated from blood cultures collected in a hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 141 <i>S. capitis</i> strains were submitted to detection of the <i>mecA</i> gene and S<i>CCmec</i> typing by multiplex PCR. Genes involved in biofilm production and genes encoding enterotoxins and hemolysins were detected by conventional PCR. Biofilm formation was evaluated by the polystyrene plate adherence test and phenotypic resistance was investigated by the disk diffusion method. Finally, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to analyze the clonal relationship between isolates. The <i>mecA</i> gene was detected in 99 (70.2%) isolates, with this percentage reaching 100% in the neonatal ICU. SCC<i>mec</i> type III was the most prevalent type, detected in 31 (31.3%) isolates and co-occurrence of SCC<i>mec</i> was also observed. In vitro biofilm formation was detected in 46 (32.6%) isolates but was not correlated with the presence of the <i>ica</i> operon genes. Furthermore, biofilm production in ICU isolates was favored by hyperosmotic conditions, which are common in ICUs because of the frequent parenteral nutrition. Analysis of the clonal relationship between the isolates investigated in the present study confirms a homogeneous profile of <i>S. capitis</i> and the persistence of clones that are prevalent in the neonatal ICU and disseminated across the hospital. This study highlights the adaptation of isolates to specific hospital environments and their high clonality.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/2/147coagulase-negative staphylococciblood cultureclonesPFGEbiofilmneonatal ICU |
| spellingShingle | Letícia Calixto Romero Lucas Porangaba Silva Nathalia Bibiana Teixeira Karen Vilegas de Camargo Milena Aparecida Del Masso Pereira José Eduardo Corrente Valéria Cataneli Pereira Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation Antibiotics coagulase-negative staphylococci blood culture clones PFGE biofilm neonatal ICU |
| title | <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation |
| title_full | <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation |
| title_fullStr | <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation |
| title_short | <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation |
| title_sort | i staphylococcus capitis i bloodstream isolates investigation of clonal relationship resistance profile virulence and biofilm formation |
| topic | coagulase-negative staphylococci blood culture clones PFGE biofilm neonatal ICU |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/2/147 |
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