Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern Baikal
The structure and diversity of microbial communities developing in the combined gradient of temperature (44–19 °C), as well as concentration of oxygen (0–10 mg/L) and hydrogen sulfide (33–0.7 mg/L), were studied in the thermal sulfide spring on the coast of Northern Lake Baikal. The predominance of...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| author | Svetlana Chernitsyna Irina Elovskaya Tatyana Pogodaeva Sergei Bukin Aleksandra Zakharenko Tamara Zemskaya |
| author_facet | Svetlana Chernitsyna Irina Elovskaya Tatyana Pogodaeva Sergei Bukin Aleksandra Zakharenko Tamara Zemskaya |
| author_sort | Svetlana Chernitsyna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The structure and diversity of microbial communities developing in the combined gradient of temperature (44–19 °C), as well as concentration of oxygen (0–10 mg/L) and hydrogen sulfide (33–0.7 mg/L), were studied in the thermal sulfide spring on the coast of Northern Lake Baikal. The predominance of bacteria participating in sulfur and nitrogen cycles and significant changes in the composition of microbial communities were noted at changing physicochemical conditions. <i>Thiovirga</i> sp. (sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, up to 37%) and <i>Azonexus</i> sp. (nitrogen-fixing bacteria, up to 43%) were dominant at high temperatures and concentrations of hydrogen sulfide in two hydrotherms. In addition, a significant contribution of the <i>Rhodocyclaceae</i> family (up to 51%) which is involved in the denitrification processes, and <i>Acetoanaerobium</i> sp. (up to 20%) fixing carbon oxide were found in the spring water. In the stream, mainly oxygenic cyanobacteria (up to 56%) developed at a temperature of 33 °C, in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen. In addition, sulfur bacteria of the genus <i>Thiothrix</i> (up to 48%) found in epibiotic communities of benthic animals of Lake Baikal were present here. <i>Thiothrix</i> sp. formed massive fouling in the zone of mixing lake and thermal waters with a significant contribution of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria of the genus <i>Hydrogenophaga</i> (up to 22.5%). As well as chemolitho- and phototrophic bacteria, chemoorganotrophs (phyla <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Chloroflexi</i>, <i>Desulfobacterota</i>, <i>Nitrospirota</i>, <i>Fibrobacterota</i>, etc.) have been identified in all communities. The chemical parameters of water in spring and coastal zones indicate a significant change in the composition of thermal waters occurring with the participation of diverse microbial communities that contribute to the assimilation of inorganic components of mineral thermal waters. |
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| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:56:29Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f94cd083d7934bda85d7653e986c94ba2023-11-16T20:05:55ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182023-02-0115229810.3390/d15020298Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern BaikalSvetlana Chernitsyna0Irina Elovskaya1Tatyana Pogodaeva2Sergei Bukin3Aleksandra Zakharenko4Tamara Zemskaya5Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, RussiaLimnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, RussiaLimnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, RussiaLimnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, RussiaLimnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, RussiaLimnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, RussiaThe structure and diversity of microbial communities developing in the combined gradient of temperature (44–19 °C), as well as concentration of oxygen (0–10 mg/L) and hydrogen sulfide (33–0.7 mg/L), were studied in the thermal sulfide spring on the coast of Northern Lake Baikal. The predominance of bacteria participating in sulfur and nitrogen cycles and significant changes in the composition of microbial communities were noted at changing physicochemical conditions. <i>Thiovirga</i> sp. (sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, up to 37%) and <i>Azonexus</i> sp. (nitrogen-fixing bacteria, up to 43%) were dominant at high temperatures and concentrations of hydrogen sulfide in two hydrotherms. In addition, a significant contribution of the <i>Rhodocyclaceae</i> family (up to 51%) which is involved in the denitrification processes, and <i>Acetoanaerobium</i> sp. (up to 20%) fixing carbon oxide were found in the spring water. In the stream, mainly oxygenic cyanobacteria (up to 56%) developed at a temperature of 33 °C, in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen. In addition, sulfur bacteria of the genus <i>Thiothrix</i> (up to 48%) found in epibiotic communities of benthic animals of Lake Baikal were present here. <i>Thiothrix</i> sp. formed massive fouling in the zone of mixing lake and thermal waters with a significant contribution of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria of the genus <i>Hydrogenophaga</i> (up to 22.5%). As well as chemolitho- and phototrophic bacteria, chemoorganotrophs (phyla <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Chloroflexi</i>, <i>Desulfobacterota</i>, <i>Nitrospirota</i>, <i>Fibrobacterota</i>, etc.) have been identified in all communities. The chemical parameters of water in spring and coastal zones indicate a significant change in the composition of thermal waters occurring with the participation of diverse microbial communities that contribute to the assimilation of inorganic components of mineral thermal waters.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/2/298microbial communitiessulfur bacteriahot springmolecular genetic analysisBaikal |
| spellingShingle | Svetlana Chernitsyna Irina Elovskaya Tatyana Pogodaeva Sergei Bukin Aleksandra Zakharenko Tamara Zemskaya Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern Baikal Diversity microbial communities sulfur bacteria hot spring molecular genetic analysis Baikal |
| title | Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern Baikal |
| title_full | Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern Baikal |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern Baikal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern Baikal |
| title_short | Bacterial Communities in a Gradient of Abiotic Factors Near a Sulfide Thermal Spring in Northern Baikal |
| title_sort | bacterial communities in a gradient of abiotic factors near a sulfide thermal spring in northern baikal |
| topic | microbial communities sulfur bacteria hot spring molecular genetic analysis Baikal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/2/298 |
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