Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion Characteristics
Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is a common oxidant in solid propellants, and its thermal decomposition characteristics at low temperatures (less than 240 °C) are key to the study of the thermal safety of propellants. Here, the low-temperature thermal decomposition characteristics of AP were investigated...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/20/9392 |
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| author | Haijun Zhang Jianxin Nie Gangling Jiao Xing Xu Shi Yan Xueyong Guo Tao Zhang |
| author_facet | Haijun Zhang Jianxin Nie Gangling Jiao Xing Xu Shi Yan Xueyong Guo Tao Zhang |
| author_sort | Haijun Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is a common oxidant in solid propellants, and its thermal decomposition characteristics at low temperatures (less than 240 °C) are key to the study of the thermal safety of propellants. Here, the low-temperature thermal decomposition characteristics of AP were investigated at 230 °C. The micromorphology of the low-temperature decomposition residues was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and 3D nano-computed tomography in order to analyse the evolution of microscopic pore structures, and the effect of the AP pore structure on combustion performance was then tested and analysed with a homemade closed bomb. The results demonstrate that the low-temperature decomposition of AP first occurs near the surface of the particles, simultaneously starting at multiple points and forming pores, and then gradually expands towards the interior until almost all of the pores connect with one other. Compared with ordinary AP, porous AP has a significantly improved combustion rate. When the ratio of porous AP to Al was 80:20, the peak pressure in the closed bomb was increased by 2.7 times; the rate of change in peak pressure increased 34 times, leading to a higher reaction speed and higher reaction intensity, and a typical explosion reaction occurred. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:45:52Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:45:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f971c6a8643c44f9a71ce39a5cb674732023-11-22T17:17:51ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-10-011120939210.3390/app11209392Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion CharacteristicsHaijun Zhang0Jianxin Nie1Gangling Jiao2Xing Xu3Shi Yan4Xueyong Guo5Tao Zhang6State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaNaval Research Institute of People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100161, ChinaThe Sixth Institute, 601 Branch of China Aeronautical Science and Technology Corporation, Hohhot 010076, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaAmmonium perchlorate (AP) is a common oxidant in solid propellants, and its thermal decomposition characteristics at low temperatures (less than 240 °C) are key to the study of the thermal safety of propellants. Here, the low-temperature thermal decomposition characteristics of AP were investigated at 230 °C. The micromorphology of the low-temperature decomposition residues was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and 3D nano-computed tomography in order to analyse the evolution of microscopic pore structures, and the effect of the AP pore structure on combustion performance was then tested and analysed with a homemade closed bomb. The results demonstrate that the low-temperature decomposition of AP first occurs near the surface of the particles, simultaneously starting at multiple points and forming pores, and then gradually expands towards the interior until almost all of the pores connect with one other. Compared with ordinary AP, porous AP has a significantly improved combustion rate. When the ratio of porous AP to Al was 80:20, the peak pressure in the closed bomb was increased by 2.7 times; the rate of change in peak pressure increased 34 times, leading to a higher reaction speed and higher reaction intensity, and a typical explosion reaction occurred.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/20/9392ammonium perchloratelow temperature thermal decompositionmicroporous structureporosity |
| spellingShingle | Haijun Zhang Jianxin Nie Gangling Jiao Xing Xu Shi Yan Xueyong Guo Tao Zhang Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion Characteristics Applied Sciences ammonium perchlorate low temperature thermal decomposition microporous structure porosity |
| title | Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion Characteristics |
| title_full | Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion Characteristics |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion Characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion Characteristics |
| title_short | Evolution of the Micropore Structure of Ammonium Perchlorate during Low-Temperature Decomposition and Its Combustion Characteristics |
| title_sort | evolution of the micropore structure of ammonium perchlorate during low temperature decomposition and its combustion characteristics |
| topic | ammonium perchlorate low temperature thermal decomposition microporous structure porosity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/20/9392 |
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