Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxide
The use of biodegradable polymers to mitigate the environmental pollution is one of the hot topics of research in the recent years. The current work presents the graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles functionalized with two types of alkylamines (decylamine (DA) and octadecylamine (ODA)) synthesized at t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Polymer Testing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941823001460 |
| _version_ | 1797802281193701376 |
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| author | Remilson Cruz Muhammad Nisar Humberto Palza Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram Héctor Aguilar-Bolados Raúl Quijada |
| author_facet | Remilson Cruz Muhammad Nisar Humberto Palza Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram Héctor Aguilar-Bolados Raúl Quijada |
| author_sort | Remilson Cruz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of biodegradable polymers to mitigate the environmental pollution is one of the hot topics of research in the recent years. The current work presents the graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles functionalized with two types of alkylamines (decylamine (DA) and octadecylamine (ODA)) synthesized at two different temperatures; 25 °C (GODA1 and GOODA1) and 80 °C (GODA2 and GOODA2), which were used as fillers to prepare PLA nanocomposites and their barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties were studied. The elemental analysis showed 2 wt% to 4 wt% of nitrogen content for functionalized GO, confirming the presence of alkyl chains in its structure. The reactions carried out at 80 °C (GODA2 and GOODA2) are the ones that showed the highest mass yields, registering a 7% and 50% increase in the total mass, respectively. These results were supported by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) analyses. The optical microscopy images of the nanocomposites showed that the modified GO has a higher affinity than the GO with the PLA matrix, observing good dispersion at low loads of modified GO (0.2 wt%), with an increasing tendency to form agglomerates for higher loads. Furthermore, the elastic modulus of all nanocomposites showed a decreasing trend, mainly attributed to the formation of agglomerates and the decrease in the crystallinity of the composites. The oxygen permeability progressively decreases with increasing nanoparticle load, the nanocomposites prepared with GODA2 and GOODA2 presented the best results, registering decreases of 28.6% and 30.4% for 2 wt% loads, respectively. On the other hand, the permeability to water vapor decreased by 36.0% and 50.2%, for loads of 0.2 wt% of GODA2 and GOODA2, respectively. However, for higher amount of filler no significant improvements was detected. The results shows that the addition of modified GO to PLA improves its barrier properties, and that its composites could be used in food packaging. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:03:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f974e79c4b8a43669d4a17f86c18e613 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0142-9418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:03:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymer Testing |
| spelling | doaj.art-f974e79c4b8a43669d4a17f86c18e6132023-06-17T05:17:32ZengElsevierPolymer Testing0142-94182023-07-01124108066Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxideRemilson Cruz0Muhammad Nisar1Humberto Palza2Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram3Héctor Aguilar-Bolados4Raúl Quijada5Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8370456, ChileFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Alonso de Ribera, 2850, Concepción, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8370456, ChileDepartamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone, Independencia, Santiago, 8380492, ChileDepartamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, 3349001, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8370456, Chile; Corresponding author.The use of biodegradable polymers to mitigate the environmental pollution is one of the hot topics of research in the recent years. The current work presents the graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles functionalized with two types of alkylamines (decylamine (DA) and octadecylamine (ODA)) synthesized at two different temperatures; 25 °C (GODA1 and GOODA1) and 80 °C (GODA2 and GOODA2), which were used as fillers to prepare PLA nanocomposites and their barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties were studied. The elemental analysis showed 2 wt% to 4 wt% of nitrogen content for functionalized GO, confirming the presence of alkyl chains in its structure. The reactions carried out at 80 °C (GODA2 and GOODA2) are the ones that showed the highest mass yields, registering a 7% and 50% increase in the total mass, respectively. These results were supported by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) analyses. The optical microscopy images of the nanocomposites showed that the modified GO has a higher affinity than the GO with the PLA matrix, observing good dispersion at low loads of modified GO (0.2 wt%), with an increasing tendency to form agglomerates for higher loads. Furthermore, the elastic modulus of all nanocomposites showed a decreasing trend, mainly attributed to the formation of agglomerates and the decrease in the crystallinity of the composites. The oxygen permeability progressively decreases with increasing nanoparticle load, the nanocomposites prepared with GODA2 and GOODA2 presented the best results, registering decreases of 28.6% and 30.4% for 2 wt% loads, respectively. On the other hand, the permeability to water vapor decreased by 36.0% and 50.2%, for loads of 0.2 wt% of GODA2 and GOODA2, respectively. However, for higher amount of filler no significant improvements was detected. The results shows that the addition of modified GO to PLA improves its barrier properties, and that its composites could be used in food packaging.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941823001460Graphene oxideBiodegradable polymerBarrier propertiesPackaging |
| spellingShingle | Remilson Cruz Muhammad Nisar Humberto Palza Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram Héctor Aguilar-Bolados Raúl Quijada Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxide Polymer Testing Graphene oxide Biodegradable polymer Barrier properties Packaging |
| title | Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxide |
| title_full | Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxide |
| title_fullStr | Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxide |
| title_short | Development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on PLA and functionalized graphene oxide |
| title_sort | development of bio degradable nanocomposites based on pla and functionalized graphene oxide |
| topic | Graphene oxide Biodegradable polymer Barrier properties Packaging |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941823001460 |
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