Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Cobalt
Carbothermic reduction-roasting tests of NCM (nickel, cobalt, and manganese) cathode active materials with carbon sources such as activated carbon and graphite followed by sulfuric acid leaching were performed to investigate the effects of roasting temperature, molar mixing ratio of cathode active m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/12/8/1021 |
| _version_ | 1797443264410812416 |
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| author | Youngjin Ahn Wonbeom Koo Kyoungkeun Yoo Richard Diaz Alorro |
| author_facet | Youngjin Ahn Wonbeom Koo Kyoungkeun Yoo Richard Diaz Alorro |
| author_sort | Youngjin Ahn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbothermic reduction-roasting tests of NCM (nickel, cobalt, and manganese) cathode active materials with carbon sources such as activated carbon and graphite followed by sulfuric acid leaching were performed to investigate the effects of roasting temperature, molar mixing ratio of cathode active materials and carbon sources, and type of cathode active materials. When the virgin NCM622 materials were roasted with activated carbon, the peaks of Ni and Co metals were observed in the XRD data. The leaching efficiencies of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn increased to over 99.9% within 120 min in all samples roasted at 600 °C–900 °C, but, at the beginning of leaching, the leaching efficiencies increased more slowly with increasing roasting temperature. The leaching efficiencies of Ni and Co decreased with decreasing the molar mixing ratio of active cathode materials and carbon sources, but the leaching efficiencies were more than 99.9% in all ratios. These results indicate that roasting can enhance the leaching of cathode active materials and improve the conventional leaching process using hydrogen peroxide. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:53:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9776e0ca60a47df87849a26356cd5aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:53:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9776e0ca60a47df87849a26356cd5aa2023-11-30T22:03:36ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2022-08-01128102110.3390/min12081021Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and CobaltYoungjin Ahn0Wonbeom Koo1Kyoungkeun Yoo2Richard Diaz Alorro3Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, National Korea Maritime and Ocean University (KMOU), Busan 49112, KoreaDepartment of Energy and Resources Engineering, National Korea Maritime and Ocean University (KMOU), Busan 49112, KoreaDepartment of Energy and Resources Engineering, National Korea Maritime and Ocean University (KMOU), Busan 49112, KoreaWestern Australian School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Kalgoorlie, WA 6430, AustraliaCarbothermic reduction-roasting tests of NCM (nickel, cobalt, and manganese) cathode active materials with carbon sources such as activated carbon and graphite followed by sulfuric acid leaching were performed to investigate the effects of roasting temperature, molar mixing ratio of cathode active materials and carbon sources, and type of cathode active materials. When the virgin NCM622 materials were roasted with activated carbon, the peaks of Ni and Co metals were observed in the XRD data. The leaching efficiencies of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn increased to over 99.9% within 120 min in all samples roasted at 600 °C–900 °C, but, at the beginning of leaching, the leaching efficiencies increased more slowly with increasing roasting temperature. The leaching efficiencies of Ni and Co decreased with decreasing the molar mixing ratio of active cathode materials and carbon sources, but the leaching efficiencies were more than 99.9% in all ratios. These results indicate that roasting can enhance the leaching of cathode active materials and improve the conventional leaching process using hydrogen peroxide.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/12/8/1021lithium ion batteryrecyclingcarbothermic reductionactivated carbongraphite |
| spellingShingle | Youngjin Ahn Wonbeom Koo Kyoungkeun Yoo Richard Diaz Alorro Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Cobalt Minerals lithium ion battery recycling carbothermic reduction activated carbon graphite |
| title | Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Cobalt |
| title_full | Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Cobalt |
| title_fullStr | Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Cobalt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Cobalt |
| title_short | Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of Cathode Active Materials Using Activated Carbon and Graphite to Enhance the Sulfuric-Acid-Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Cobalt |
| title_sort | carbothermic reduction roasting of cathode active materials using activated carbon and graphite to enhance the sulfuric acid leaching efficiency of nickel and cobalt |
| topic | lithium ion battery recycling carbothermic reduction activated carbon graphite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/12/8/1021 |
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