Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted from 2G and 3G Cell Phone on Developing Liver of Chick Embryo – A Comparative Study
Introduction: The increasing scientific evidence of various health hazards on exposure of Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR) emitted from both the cell phones and base stations have caused significant media attention and public discussion in recent years. The mechanism of interaction of RF fields wi...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2017-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10275/26360_CE[Ra]_F(Sh)PF1_(VT_NE_PY)_PFA(NE_SS).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: The increasing scientific evidence of various
health hazards on exposure of Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR)
emitted from both the cell phones and base stations have
caused significant media attention and public discussion in
recent years. The mechanism of interaction of RF fields with
developing tissues of children and fetuses may be different from
that of adults due to their smaller physical size and variation
in tissue electromagnetic properties. The present study may
provide an insight into the basic mechanisms by which RF fields
interact with developing tissues in an embryo.
Aim: To evaluate the possible tissue and DNA damage in
developing liver of chick embryo following chronic exposure
to Ultra-High Frequency/Radiofrequency Radiation (UHF/RFR)
emitted from 2G and 3G cell phone.
Materials and Methods: Fertilized chick embryos were
incubated in four groups. Group A-experimental group exposed
to 2G radiation (60 eggs), Group B- experimental group exposed
to 3G radiation (60 eggs), Group C- sham exposed control group
(60 eggs) and Group D– control group (48 eggs). On completion
of scheduled duration, the embryos were collected and
processed for routine histological studies to check structural
changes in liver. The nuclear diameter and karyorrhexis changes
of hepatocytes were analysed using oculometer and square
reticule respectively. The liver procured from one batch of eggs
from all the four groups was subjected to alkaline comet assay
technique to assess DNA damage. The results were compared
using one-way ANOVA test.
Results: In our study, the exposure of developing chick
embryos to 2G and 3G cell phone radiations caused structural
changes in liver in the form of dilated sinusoidal spaces with
haemorrhage, increased vacuolations in cytoplasm, increased
nuclear diameter and karyorrhexis and significantly increased
DNA damage.
Conclusion: The chronic exposure of chick embryo liver to
RFR emitted from 2G and 3G cell phone resulted in various
structural changes and DNA damage. The changes were more
pronounced in 3G experimental group. Based on these findings
it is necessary to create awareness among public about the
possible ill effects of RFR exposure from cell phone. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |