Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer Agents
Increasing cases of cancer have been a primary concern in recent decades. Developing new chemotherapeutics is challenging and has been faced with limitations, such as multidrug resistance, poor specificity, selectivity, and toxicity. The aforementioned factors contribute to treatment failure. Hybrid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/19/6889 |
| _version_ | 1797575492223631360 |
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| author | Sijongesonke Peter Blessing Atim Aderibigbe |
| author_facet | Sijongesonke Peter Blessing Atim Aderibigbe |
| author_sort | Sijongesonke Peter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increasing cases of cancer have been a primary concern in recent decades. Developing new chemotherapeutics is challenging and has been faced with limitations, such as multidrug resistance, poor specificity, selectivity, and toxicity. The aforementioned factors contribute to treatment failure. Hybrid compounds have features that can overcome the limitations mentioned above. Chlorambucil, an anticancer drug that is used to treat prostate and breast cancer, suffers from poor aqueous solubility and specificity, a short half-life, and severe side effects, including anaemia and bone marrow suppression. It compromises the immune system, resulting in treatment failure. Hence, its combination with other pharmacophores has been reported to result in effective anticancer agents with fewer side effects and high therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, this review gives an update (2010 to date) on the developments of chlorambucil hybrid compounds with anticancer activity, and the structure-activity relationship (SAR), and also highlights future strategies for developing novel anticancer agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:40:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f99b1ea9e16344d9bf7263980617a485 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:40:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f99b1ea9e16344d9bf7263980617a4852023-11-19T14:46:57ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-09-012819688910.3390/molecules28196889Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer AgentsSijongesonke Peter0Blessing Atim Aderibigbe1Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South AfricaIncreasing cases of cancer have been a primary concern in recent decades. Developing new chemotherapeutics is challenging and has been faced with limitations, such as multidrug resistance, poor specificity, selectivity, and toxicity. The aforementioned factors contribute to treatment failure. Hybrid compounds have features that can overcome the limitations mentioned above. Chlorambucil, an anticancer drug that is used to treat prostate and breast cancer, suffers from poor aqueous solubility and specificity, a short half-life, and severe side effects, including anaemia and bone marrow suppression. It compromises the immune system, resulting in treatment failure. Hence, its combination with other pharmacophores has been reported to result in effective anticancer agents with fewer side effects and high therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, this review gives an update (2010 to date) on the developments of chlorambucil hybrid compounds with anticancer activity, and the structure-activity relationship (SAR), and also highlights future strategies for developing novel anticancer agents.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/19/6889cancerchlorambucildrug resistancehybridizationtreatment |
| spellingShingle | Sijongesonke Peter Blessing Atim Aderibigbe Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer Agents Molecules cancer chlorambucil drug resistance hybridization treatment |
| title | Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer Agents |
| title_full | Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer Agents |
| title_fullStr | Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer Agents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer Agents |
| title_short | Chlorambucil-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in the Development of Potential Anticancer Agents |
| title_sort | chlorambucil bearing hybrid molecules in the development of potential anticancer agents |
| topic | cancer chlorambucil drug resistance hybridization treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/19/6889 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sijongesonkepeter chlorambucilbearinghybridmoleculesinthedevelopmentofpotentialanticanceragents AT blessingatimaderibigbe chlorambucilbearinghybridmoleculesinthedevelopmentofpotentialanticanceragents |