Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid Soaps
Liquid soaps are the basic cosmetics used to clean the skin of the hands. Frequent hand washing prevents viral contamination but may damage the skin’s hydro-lipid layer, leading to various types of irritation. Therefore, four liquid soap formulas were developed with three amphoteric surfactants: Coc...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/17/5425 |
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| author | Emilia Klimaszewska Daria Wieczorek Sławomir Lewicki Marta Stelmasiak Marta Ogorzałek Łukasz Szymański Ryszard Tomasiuk Leszek Markuszewski |
| author_facet | Emilia Klimaszewska Daria Wieczorek Sławomir Lewicki Marta Stelmasiak Marta Ogorzałek Łukasz Szymański Ryszard Tomasiuk Leszek Markuszewski |
| author_sort | Emilia Klimaszewska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liquid soaps are the basic cosmetics used to clean the skin of the hands. Frequent hand washing prevents viral contamination but may damage the skin’s hydro-lipid layer, leading to various types of irritation. Therefore, four liquid soap formulas were developed with three amphoteric surfactants: Cocamidopropyl Betaine (LS II), CocamidopropylHydroxysultaine (LS III), and newly synthesized Evening PrimroseaamidopropylSulfobetaine (LS IV). We evaluated the skin irritating potential (zein number, bovine albumin test) and cytotoxicity (AlamarBlue™, Cell viability, and Cell cycle assays) on HaCaT cell line. We observed lower values of the zein number and bovine albumin tests after adding soaps with surfactants (the highest differences in LS IV) compared to the base soap (LS I). However, LS I and LS II did not differ in cytotoxic assays. Therefore, adding LS III and LS IV seems potentially more dangerous to the cells. However, it should be noted that cells were continuously exposed to liquid soaps for more than 24 h, so its cytotoxic effects after dermal use in humans may be unnoticeable. Concluding, results suggest that the newly synthesized LS IV should improve the safety of liquid hand washing soaps. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:32:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9a67fbb246e4e15979bdbf9f11f3d14 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:32:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9a67fbb246e4e15979bdbf9f11f3d142023-11-23T13:41:44ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-08-012717542510.3390/molecules27175425Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid SoapsEmilia Klimaszewska0Daria Wieczorek1Sławomir Lewicki2Marta Stelmasiak3Marta Ogorzałek4Łukasz Szymański5Ryszard Tomasiuk6Leszek Markuszewski7Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, PolandDepartment of Technology and Instrumental Analysis, Institute of Quality Science, Poznan University of Economics and Business, 61-875 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, PolandDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, PolandDepartment of Physicochemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, PolandDepartment of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, PolandDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, PolandDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, PolandLiquid soaps are the basic cosmetics used to clean the skin of the hands. Frequent hand washing prevents viral contamination but may damage the skin’s hydro-lipid layer, leading to various types of irritation. Therefore, four liquid soap formulas were developed with three amphoteric surfactants: Cocamidopropyl Betaine (LS II), CocamidopropylHydroxysultaine (LS III), and newly synthesized Evening PrimroseaamidopropylSulfobetaine (LS IV). We evaluated the skin irritating potential (zein number, bovine albumin test) and cytotoxicity (AlamarBlue™, Cell viability, and Cell cycle assays) on HaCaT cell line. We observed lower values of the zein number and bovine albumin tests after adding soaps with surfactants (the highest differences in LS IV) compared to the base soap (LS I). However, LS I and LS II did not differ in cytotoxic assays. Therefore, adding LS III and LS IV seems potentially more dangerous to the cells. However, it should be noted that cells were continuously exposed to liquid soaps for more than 24 h, so its cytotoxic effects after dermal use in humans may be unnoticeable. Concluding, results suggest that the newly synthesized LS IV should improve the safety of liquid hand washing soaps.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/17/5425liquid soapsamphoteric surfactantirritating effectkeratinocyteszein numbercytotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Emilia Klimaszewska Daria Wieczorek Sławomir Lewicki Marta Stelmasiak Marta Ogorzałek Łukasz Szymański Ryszard Tomasiuk Leszek Markuszewski Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid Soaps Molecules liquid soaps amphoteric surfactant irritating effect keratinocytes zein number cytotoxicity |
| title | Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid Soaps |
| title_full | Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid Soaps |
| title_fullStr | Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid Soaps |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid Soaps |
| title_short | Effect of New Surfactants on Biological Properties of Liquid Soaps |
| title_sort | effect of new surfactants on biological properties of liquid soaps |
| topic | liquid soaps amphoteric surfactant irritating effect keratinocytes zein number cytotoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/17/5425 |
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