In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans
Background and Aim: Considering the search for an effective antimicrobial agent comparable to chlorhexidine (CHX), this study aimed to assess the antimicrobial effect of Punica granatum (P. granatum) hydroalcoholic extract on Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguini...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Islamic Azad University
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/article-1-395-en.html |
| _version_ | 1797943615311314944 |
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| author | E Tavazo Zadeh P Aref N Askarizadeh F Emadi |
| author_facet | E Tavazo Zadeh P Aref N Askarizadeh F Emadi |
| author_sort | E Tavazo Zadeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: Considering the search for an effective antimicrobial agent comparable to chlorhexidine (CHX), this study aimed to assess the antimicrobial effect of Punica granatum (P. granatum) hydroalcoholic extract on Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) and Candida albicans (C. albicans), in comparison with CHX.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, the disc diffusion test was used to assess the antimicrobial activity of the extract by measuring the growth inhibition zones; while, the microdilution and macrodilution broth tests were applied to find the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extract against the tested microorganisms. The MBC was measured using the blood agar or Mueller Hinton agar culture medium. The Sabouraud dextrose agar culture medium was used for C. albicans. Each test was repeated in triplicate, and data were analyzed by independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: None of the tested microorganisms showed any resistance to the extract. CHX had the highest antimicrobial effect against all tested microorganisms. The MIC of the hydroalcoholic extract of P. granatum was 2.5 mg/mL for S. sobrinus and S. sanguinis, and 5 mg/mL for C. albicans. Its MBC was 5 mg/mL for S. sobrinus and S. sanguinis, and 10 mg/mL for C. albicans. The mean diameter of the growth inhibition zone for S. sobrinus caused by CHX was significantly greater than that caused by P. granatum extract (Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.043). The same result was obtained for S. sanguinis (Student sample t-test, P=0.002), and C. albicans (Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.046).
Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of P. granatum has bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on S. sanguinis and S. sobrinus and antifungal effect on C. albicans comparable to CHX. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:25:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9a85b2ef5364392b2e6b068ffd8295a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2383-2754 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:25:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Islamic Azad University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9a85b2ef5364392b2e6b068ffd8295a2023-01-25T11:15:05ZengIslamic Azad UniversityJournal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences2383-27542023-01-01811827In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicansE Tavazo Zadeh0P Aref1N Askarizadeh2F Emadi3 Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Traditional Persian Medicine, Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Background and Aim: Considering the search for an effective antimicrobial agent comparable to chlorhexidine (CHX), this study aimed to assess the antimicrobial effect of Punica granatum (P. granatum) hydroalcoholic extract on Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) and Candida albicans (C. albicans), in comparison with CHX. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, the disc diffusion test was used to assess the antimicrobial activity of the extract by measuring the growth inhibition zones; while, the microdilution and macrodilution broth tests were applied to find the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extract against the tested microorganisms. The MBC was measured using the blood agar or Mueller Hinton agar culture medium. The Sabouraud dextrose agar culture medium was used for C. albicans. Each test was repeated in triplicate, and data were analyzed by independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: None of the tested microorganisms showed any resistance to the extract. CHX had the highest antimicrobial effect against all tested microorganisms. The MIC of the hydroalcoholic extract of P. granatum was 2.5 mg/mL for S. sobrinus and S. sanguinis, and 5 mg/mL for C. albicans. Its MBC was 5 mg/mL for S. sobrinus and S. sanguinis, and 10 mg/mL for C. albicans. The mean diameter of the growth inhibition zone for S. sobrinus caused by CHX was significantly greater than that caused by P. granatum extract (Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.043). The same result was obtained for S. sanguinis (Student sample t-test, P=0.002), and C. albicans (Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.046). Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of P. granatum has bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on S. sanguinis and S. sobrinus and antifungal effect on C. albicans comparable to CHX.http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/article-1-395-en.htmlpomegranatemicrobial sensitivity testsantibacterial agentsdisk diffusion antimicrobial testsbiological products |
| spellingShingle | E Tavazo Zadeh P Aref N Askarizadeh F Emadi In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences pomegranate microbial sensitivity tests antibacterial agents disk diffusion antimicrobial tests biological products |
| title | In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans |
| title_full | In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans |
| title_fullStr | In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans |
| title_full_unstemmed | In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans |
| title_short | In vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Punica granatum Extract versus Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans |
| title_sort | in vitro antimicrobial effect of punica granatum extract versus chlorhexidine on streptococcus sobrinus streptococcus sanguinis and candida albicans |
| topic | pomegranate microbial sensitivity tests antibacterial agents disk diffusion antimicrobial tests biological products |
| url | http://jrdms.dentaliau.ac.ir/article-1-395-en.html |
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