Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk
Post-cessation weight gain (PCWG) facilitates short-term type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in prediabetic smokers in the absence of complementary measures. In this shared decision-making-based non-randomized controlled trial, prediabetic smokers joined the Fight Tobacco and Stay Fit (FIT2) program or recei...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/10/3360 |
| _version_ | 1797513591301079040 |
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| author | Chien-Hsieh Chiang Yi-Han Sheu Fei-Ran Guo Wan-Wan Lin Guan-Ru Chen Kuo-Chin Huang |
| author_facet | Chien-Hsieh Chiang Yi-Han Sheu Fei-Ran Guo Wan-Wan Lin Guan-Ru Chen Kuo-Chin Huang |
| author_sort | Chien-Hsieh Chiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Post-cessation weight gain (PCWG) facilitates short-term type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in prediabetic smokers in the absence of complementary measures. In this shared decision-making-based non-randomized controlled trial, prediabetic smokers joined the Fight Tobacco and Stay Fit (FIT2) program or received usual care. The 16-week FIT2 program combined smoking cessation therapy with individualized coaching in diet and physical activity strategies for PCWG restriction (NCT01926041 at ClinicalTrials.gov). During a mean follow-up period of 1316 days, 217 participants (36.8%) developed T2D, and 68 (11.5%) regressed to normoglycemia. In the intention-to-treat analysis (<i>n</i> = 589), the FIT2 program was associated with a reduced T2D risk (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40–0.84) and a higher probability of regression to normoglycemia (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.04–3.53) compared with usual care. The post-program quitters were at lower T2D risk (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44–0.92) and were more likely to regress to normoglycemia (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.01–3.30) compared with the controls in the time-varying analysis (<i>n</i> = 532). We demonstrated that the FIT2 program was negatively associated with long-term T2D risk and positively associated with the probability of regression to normoglycemia compared with usual care. To prevent T2D development, we recommend simultaneously promoting smoking abstinence and lifestyle coaching for PCWG restriction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:19:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9bac6859a2c48fd9b946e4f4b891827 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:19:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9bac6859a2c48fd9b946e4f4b8918272023-11-22T19:27:20ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-09-011310336010.3390/nu13103360Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes RiskChien-Hsieh Chiang0Yi-Han Sheu1Fei-Ran Guo2Wan-Wan Lin3Guan-Ru Chen4Kuo-Chin Huang5Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei 100, TaiwanDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USADepartment of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei 100, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, TaiwanDepartment of Community and Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, TaiwanDepartment of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei 100, TaiwanPost-cessation weight gain (PCWG) facilitates short-term type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in prediabetic smokers in the absence of complementary measures. In this shared decision-making-based non-randomized controlled trial, prediabetic smokers joined the Fight Tobacco and Stay Fit (FIT2) program or received usual care. The 16-week FIT2 program combined smoking cessation therapy with individualized coaching in diet and physical activity strategies for PCWG restriction (NCT01926041 at ClinicalTrials.gov). During a mean follow-up period of 1316 days, 217 participants (36.8%) developed T2D, and 68 (11.5%) regressed to normoglycemia. In the intention-to-treat analysis (<i>n</i> = 589), the FIT2 program was associated with a reduced T2D risk (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40–0.84) and a higher probability of regression to normoglycemia (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.04–3.53) compared with usual care. The post-program quitters were at lower T2D risk (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44–0.92) and were more likely to regress to normoglycemia (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.01–3.30) compared with the controls in the time-varying analysis (<i>n</i> = 532). We demonstrated that the FIT2 program was negatively associated with long-term T2D risk and positively associated with the probability of regression to normoglycemia compared with usual care. To prevent T2D development, we recommend simultaneously promoting smoking abstinence and lifestyle coaching for PCWG restriction.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/10/3360prediabetesprimary caresmoking cessationtype 2 diabetes mellitusobesity |
| spellingShingle | Chien-Hsieh Chiang Yi-Han Sheu Fei-Ran Guo Wan-Wan Lin Guan-Ru Chen Kuo-Chin Huang Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk Nutrients prediabetes primary care smoking cessation type 2 diabetes mellitus obesity |
| title | Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk |
| title_full | Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk |
| title_fullStr | Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk |
| title_short | Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk |
| title_sort | incorporating post cessation weight control coaching into smoking cessation therapy to reduce type 2 diabetes risk |
| topic | prediabetes primary care smoking cessation type 2 diabetes mellitus obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/10/3360 |
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