Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis?
All cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to communicate with adjacent and distant cells. Consequently, circulating EVs are found in all bodily fluids, providing information applicable for liquid biopsy in early cancer diagnosis. Studies observed an overexpression of the membrane-bound prostate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/12/2987 |
| _version_ | 1797489165264224256 |
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| author | Susann Allelein Keshia Aerchlimann Gundula Rösch Roxana Khajehamiri Andreas Kölsch Christian Freese Dirk Kuhlmeier |
| author_facet | Susann Allelein Keshia Aerchlimann Gundula Rösch Roxana Khajehamiri Andreas Kölsch Christian Freese Dirk Kuhlmeier |
| author_sort | Susann Allelein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | All cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to communicate with adjacent and distant cells. Consequently, circulating EVs are found in all bodily fluids, providing information applicable for liquid biopsy in early cancer diagnosis. Studies observed an overexpression of the membrane-bound prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on prostate cancer cells. To investigate whether EVs derived from communicating prostate cells allow for reliable conclusions on prostate cancer development, we isolated PSMA-positive, as well as CD9-positive, EVs from cell-free urine with the use of magnetic beads. These populations of EVs were subsequently compared to CD9-positive EVs isolated from female urine in Western blotting, indicating the successful isolation of prostate-derived and ubiquitous EVs, respectively. Furthermore, we developed a device with an adapted protocol that enables an automated immunomagnetic enrichment of EVs of large sample volumes (up to 10 mL), while simultaneously reducing the overall bead loss and hands-on time. With an in-house spotted antibody microarray, we characterized PSMA as well as other EV surface markers of a prostate cohort of 44 urine samples in a more simplified way. In conclusion, the automated and specific enrichment of EVs from urine has a high potential for future diagnostic applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:12:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9c145a351f44859b18f919a0f357ff9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:12:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9c145a351f44859b18f919a0f357ff92023-11-23T15:57:34ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-06-011412298710.3390/cancers14122987Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis?Susann Allelein0Keshia Aerchlimann1Gundula Rösch2Roxana Khajehamiri3Andreas Kölsch4Christian Freese5Dirk Kuhlmeier6Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 04103 Leipzig, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 04103 Leipzig, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems (IMM), 55129 Mainz, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems (IMM), 55129 Mainz, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 04103 Leipzig, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems (IMM), 55129 Mainz, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 04103 Leipzig, GermanyAll cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to communicate with adjacent and distant cells. Consequently, circulating EVs are found in all bodily fluids, providing information applicable for liquid biopsy in early cancer diagnosis. Studies observed an overexpression of the membrane-bound prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on prostate cancer cells. To investigate whether EVs derived from communicating prostate cells allow for reliable conclusions on prostate cancer development, we isolated PSMA-positive, as well as CD9-positive, EVs from cell-free urine with the use of magnetic beads. These populations of EVs were subsequently compared to CD9-positive EVs isolated from female urine in Western blotting, indicating the successful isolation of prostate-derived and ubiquitous EVs, respectively. Furthermore, we developed a device with an adapted protocol that enables an automated immunomagnetic enrichment of EVs of large sample volumes (up to 10 mL), while simultaneously reducing the overall bead loss and hands-on time. With an in-house spotted antibody microarray, we characterized PSMA as well as other EV surface markers of a prostate cohort of 44 urine samples in a more simplified way. In conclusion, the automated and specific enrichment of EVs from urine has a high potential for future diagnostic applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/12/2987extracellular vesiclesprostate-specific membrane antigenmicroarrayimmunomagnetic isolationautomatedprostate cancer |
| spellingShingle | Susann Allelein Keshia Aerchlimann Gundula Rösch Roxana Khajehamiri Andreas Kölsch Christian Freese Dirk Kuhlmeier Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? Cancers extracellular vesicles prostate-specific membrane antigen microarray immunomagnetic isolation automated prostate cancer |
| title | Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? |
| title_full | Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? |
| title_fullStr | Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? |
| title_short | Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Urine—A Potential Liquid Biopsy Strategy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? |
| title_sort | prostate specific membrane antigen psma positive extracellular vesicles in urine a potential liquid biopsy strategy for prostate cancer diagnosis |
| topic | extracellular vesicles prostate-specific membrane antigen microarray immunomagnetic isolation automated prostate cancer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/12/2987 |
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