Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and Fractions
Wild jujube “<i>Ziziphus lotus (L.) Desf</i>.” belongs to the Rhamnaceae family and is a traditionally herbaceous medicinal plant. It is very common in arid and semi-arid regions and is currently used for its antidiabetic, sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activitie...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/22/5237 |
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| author | Hafssa El Cadi Hajar EL Bouzidi Ginane Selama Asmae El Cadi Btissam Ramdan Yassine Oulad El Majdoub Filippo Alibrando Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello Asmae Fakih Lanjri Jamal Brigui Francesco Cacciola |
| author_facet | Hafssa El Cadi Hajar EL Bouzidi Ginane Selama Asmae El Cadi Btissam Ramdan Yassine Oulad El Majdoub Filippo Alibrando Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello Asmae Fakih Lanjri Jamal Brigui Francesco Cacciola |
| author_sort | Hafssa El Cadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wild jujube “<i>Ziziphus lotus (L.) Desf</i>.” belongs to the Rhamnaceae family and is a traditionally herbaceous medicinal plant. It is very common in arid and semi-arid regions and is currently used for its antidiabetic, sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities. The aim of the present work was to characterize the physico-chemical properties and the phytochemical profile of wild jujube sample collected from the Guercif region, in order to determine the polyphenolic compounds and the antioxidant ability Analyses were carried out directly after the harvest for the determination of pH, refractive index, total soluble solid (°Brix), dry matter, sugar/acidity, total sugars, reducing sugars, as well as lipid and protein content. Results showed that the investigated fruit is acidic (pH 4.9 ± 0.23) and rich in sugars (80.2 g/100 g ± 3.81). The GC-MS analysis of the fruit revealed a number of volatile compounds, as many as 97, belonging to different chemical classes. The HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS analysis showed the presence of a total of 20 polyphenolic compounds in both EtOAc and MeOH-water extracts. Among them, <i>p</i>-Hydroxybenzoic acid was the most abundant in the EtOAc extract (185.68 µg/100 mg ± 0.5) whereas Quercetin 3-<i>O</i>-rhamnoside-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside was found in higher amounts in the MeOH-water extract (25.40 µg/100 mg ± 0.5). These components have medical interest, notably for human nutrition, as well as health benefits and therapeutic effects. Therefore, Moroccan jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” fruit may have potential industrial applications for food formulations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:58:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9cb7b512c1e43cbaf016d7bdc1407c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:58:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9cb7b512c1e43cbaf016d7bdc1407c42023-11-20T20:26:45ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-11-012522523710.3390/molecules25225237Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and FractionsHafssa El Cadi0Hajar EL Bouzidi1Ginane Selama2Asmae El Cadi3Btissam Ramdan4Yassine Oulad El Majdoub5Filippo Alibrando6Paola Dugo7Luigi Mondello8Asmae Fakih Lanjri9Jamal Brigui10Francesco Cacciola11Laboratory of Valorization of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, 90000 Tangier, MoroccoLaboratory of Valorization of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, 90000 Tangier, MoroccoLaboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, 90000 Tangier, MoroccoDepartment of Chemistry, Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry of Materials, Natural Substances and Environment, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, 90000 Tangier, MoroccoLaboratory of Biotechnology and valorization of natural resources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Zohr, 80000 Agadir, MoroccoDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyChromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyLaboratory of Valorization of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, 90000 Tangier, MoroccoLaboratory of Valorization of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, 90000 Tangier, MoroccoDepartment of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyWild jujube “<i>Ziziphus lotus (L.) Desf</i>.” belongs to the Rhamnaceae family and is a traditionally herbaceous medicinal plant. It is very common in arid and semi-arid regions and is currently used for its antidiabetic, sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities. The aim of the present work was to characterize the physico-chemical properties and the phytochemical profile of wild jujube sample collected from the Guercif region, in order to determine the polyphenolic compounds and the antioxidant ability Analyses were carried out directly after the harvest for the determination of pH, refractive index, total soluble solid (°Brix), dry matter, sugar/acidity, total sugars, reducing sugars, as well as lipid and protein content. Results showed that the investigated fruit is acidic (pH 4.9 ± 0.23) and rich in sugars (80.2 g/100 g ± 3.81). The GC-MS analysis of the fruit revealed a number of volatile compounds, as many as 97, belonging to different chemical classes. The HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS analysis showed the presence of a total of 20 polyphenolic compounds in both EtOAc and MeOH-water extracts. Among them, <i>p</i>-Hydroxybenzoic acid was the most abundant in the EtOAc extract (185.68 µg/100 mg ± 0.5) whereas Quercetin 3-<i>O</i>-rhamnoside-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside was found in higher amounts in the MeOH-water extract (25.40 µg/100 mg ± 0.5). These components have medical interest, notably for human nutrition, as well as health benefits and therapeutic effects. Therefore, Moroccan jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” fruit may have potential industrial applications for food formulations.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/22/5237Rhamnaceaephenolic compoundsflavonoidstanninsantioxidant activityliquid chromatography |
| spellingShingle | Hafssa El Cadi Hajar EL Bouzidi Ginane Selama Asmae El Cadi Btissam Ramdan Yassine Oulad El Majdoub Filippo Alibrando Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello Asmae Fakih Lanjri Jamal Brigui Francesco Cacciola Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and Fractions Molecules Rhamnaceae phenolic compounds flavonoids tannins antioxidant activity liquid chromatography |
| title | Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and Fractions |
| title_full | Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and Fractions |
| title_fullStr | Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and Fractions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and Fractions |
| title_short | Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Characterization of Moroccan Wild Jujube “<i>Zizyphus lotus (L.)</i>” Fruit Crude Extract and Fractions |
| title_sort | physico chemical and phytochemical characterization of moroccan wild jujube i zizyphus lotus l i fruit crude extract and fractions |
| topic | Rhamnaceae phenolic compounds flavonoids tannins antioxidant activity liquid chromatography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/22/5237 |
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