Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019
The global distribution of canine parvovirus (CPV-2) derived from a closely related carnivore parvovirus poses a considerable threat to the dog population. The virus is continuously undergoing genetic evolution, giving rise to several variants. To investigate the prevalence of Chinese CPV-2 strains...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/588 |
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| author | Bixia Chen Xiaohui Zhang Jie Zhu Lijing Liao Endong Bao |
| author_facet | Bixia Chen Xiaohui Zhang Jie Zhu Lijing Liao Endong Bao |
| author_sort | Bixia Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The global distribution of canine parvovirus (CPV-2) derived from a closely related carnivore parvovirus poses a considerable threat to the dog population. The virus is continuously undergoing genetic evolution, giving rise to several variants. To investigate the prevalence of Chinese CPV-2 strains in recent years, a total of 30 CPV-2 strains were collected from 2018 to 2021 and the VP2 gene was sequenced and analyzed. Two variants, new CPV-2a (297Ala, 426Asn) and CPV-2c (426Glu), were identified. In contrast to previous reports, the CPV-2c variant has gained an epidemiological advantage over the new CPV-2a variant in China. To compensate for the relatively small sample size, 683 Chinese CPV-2 strains identified between 2014 and 2019 were retrieved from the GenBank database and previous publications, and analyses of these strains further supported our findings, which should be considered since the CPV-2c variant has been frequently associated with immune failure in adult dogs. VP2 protein sequence analysis revealed several amino acid substitutions, including Ala5Gly, Pro13Ser, Phe267Tyr, Tyr324Ile, Gln370Arg, Thr440Ala, and Lys570Arg. Phylogenetic analysis of full-length VP2 gene indicated a close relationship between Chinese strains and other Asian strains, suggesting mutual transmission between Asian countries. Furthermore, intercontinental transmission is a cause for concern. Surprisingly, two feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) strains with the Ile101Thr mutation in the VP2 protein were identified in canine fecal samples; FPV has been considered incapable of infecting dogs. This study clarified the epidemic characteristics of Chinese CPV-2 strains detected between 2014 and 2019, offering a reference for epidemic control. In addition, the detection of FPV in canine samples may provide information for future studies on the evolution of carnivore parvoviruses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:31:14Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f9d4d8c7e32e44019877c9f6075fa598 |
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| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:31:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9d4d8c7e32e44019877c9f6075fa5982023-11-21T19:14:28ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-05-0110558810.3390/pathogens10050588Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019Bixia Chen0Xiaohui Zhang1Jie Zhu2Lijing Liao3Endong Bao4Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaVeterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaVeterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaPet Department, Ringpu Biotechnology Company, Tianjin 300308, ChinaVeterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaThe global distribution of canine parvovirus (CPV-2) derived from a closely related carnivore parvovirus poses a considerable threat to the dog population. The virus is continuously undergoing genetic evolution, giving rise to several variants. To investigate the prevalence of Chinese CPV-2 strains in recent years, a total of 30 CPV-2 strains were collected from 2018 to 2021 and the VP2 gene was sequenced and analyzed. Two variants, new CPV-2a (297Ala, 426Asn) and CPV-2c (426Glu), were identified. In contrast to previous reports, the CPV-2c variant has gained an epidemiological advantage over the new CPV-2a variant in China. To compensate for the relatively small sample size, 683 Chinese CPV-2 strains identified between 2014 and 2019 were retrieved from the GenBank database and previous publications, and analyses of these strains further supported our findings, which should be considered since the CPV-2c variant has been frequently associated with immune failure in adult dogs. VP2 protein sequence analysis revealed several amino acid substitutions, including Ala5Gly, Pro13Ser, Phe267Tyr, Tyr324Ile, Gln370Arg, Thr440Ala, and Lys570Arg. Phylogenetic analysis of full-length VP2 gene indicated a close relationship between Chinese strains and other Asian strains, suggesting mutual transmission between Asian countries. Furthermore, intercontinental transmission is a cause for concern. Surprisingly, two feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) strains with the Ile101Thr mutation in the VP2 protein were identified in canine fecal samples; FPV has been considered incapable of infecting dogs. This study clarified the epidemic characteristics of Chinese CPV-2 strains detected between 2014 and 2019, offering a reference for epidemic control. In addition, the detection of FPV in canine samples may provide information for future studies on the evolution of carnivore parvoviruses.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/588canine parvovirusfeline parvovirusepidemiological surveillanceamino acid substitutions |
| spellingShingle | Bixia Chen Xiaohui Zhang Jie Zhu Lijing Liao Endong Bao Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019 Pathogens canine parvovirus feline parvovirus epidemiological surveillance amino acid substitutions |
| title | Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019 |
| title_full | Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019 |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019 |
| title_short | Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019 |
| title_sort | molecular epidemiological survey of canine parvovirus circulating in china from 2014 to 2019 |
| topic | canine parvovirus feline parvovirus epidemiological surveillance amino acid substitutions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/588 |
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