A review of marine phylogeography in southern Africa
The southern African marine realm is located at the transition zone between the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific biomes. Its biodiversity is particularly rich and comprises faunal and floral elements from the two major oceanic regions, as well as a large number of endemics. Within this realm, strikingly di...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Academy of Science of South Africa
2011-05-01
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| Series: | South African Journal of Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/10034 |
| _version_ | 1818339302472417280 |
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| author | Peter Teske Sophie von der Heyden Christopher McQuaid Nigel Barker |
| author_facet | Peter Teske Sophie von der Heyden Christopher McQuaid Nigel Barker |
| author_sort | Peter Teske |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The southern African marine realm is located at the transition zone between the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific biomes. Its biodiversity is particularly rich and comprises faunal and floral elements from the two major oceanic regions, as well as a large number of endemics. Within this realm, strikingly different biota occur in close geographic proximity to each other, and many of the species with distributions spanning two or more of the region's marine biogeographic provinces are divided into evolutionary units that can often only be distinguished on the basis of genetic data. In this review, we describe the state of marine phylogeography in southern Africa, that is, the study of evolutionary relationships at the species level, or amongst closely related species, in relation to the region's marine environment. We focus particularly on coastal phylogeography, where much progress has recently been made in identifying phylogeographic breaks and explaining how they originated and are maintained. We also highlight numerous shortcomings that should be addressed in the near future. These include: the limited data available for commercially important organisms, particularly offshore species; the paucity of oceanographic data for nearshore areas; a dearth of studies based on multilocus data; and the fact that studying the role of diversifying selection in speciation has been limited to physiological approaches to the exclusion of genetics. It is becoming apparent that the southern African marine realm is one of the world's most interesting environments in which to study the evolutionary processes that shape not only regional, but also global patterns of marine biodiversity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:24:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9de5f8cb6ab42c6aa638910ad2f1e1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-7489 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:24:51Z |
| publishDate | 2011-05-01 |
| publisher | Academy of Science of South Africa |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South African Journal of Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9de5f8cb6ab42c6aa638910ad2f1e1d2022-12-21T23:40:24ZengAcademy of Science of South AfricaSouth African Journal of Science1996-74892011-05-011075/6A review of marine phylogeography in southern AfricaPeter Teske0Sophie von der Heyden1Christopher McQuaid2Nigel Barker3Molecular Ecology and Systematics Group, Botany Department, Rhodes UniversityEvolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch UniversityDepartment of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes UniversityMolecular Ecology and Systematics Group, Botany Department, Rhodes UniversityThe southern African marine realm is located at the transition zone between the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific biomes. Its biodiversity is particularly rich and comprises faunal and floral elements from the two major oceanic regions, as well as a large number of endemics. Within this realm, strikingly different biota occur in close geographic proximity to each other, and many of the species with distributions spanning two or more of the region's marine biogeographic provinces are divided into evolutionary units that can often only be distinguished on the basis of genetic data. In this review, we describe the state of marine phylogeography in southern Africa, that is, the study of evolutionary relationships at the species level, or amongst closely related species, in relation to the region's marine environment. We focus particularly on coastal phylogeography, where much progress has recently been made in identifying phylogeographic breaks and explaining how they originated and are maintained. We also highlight numerous shortcomings that should be addressed in the near future. These include: the limited data available for commercially important organisms, particularly offshore species; the paucity of oceanographic data for nearshore areas; a dearth of studies based on multilocus data; and the fact that studying the role of diversifying selection in speciation has been limited to physiological approaches to the exclusion of genetics. It is becoming apparent that the southern African marine realm is one of the world's most interesting environments in which to study the evolutionary processes that shape not only regional, but also global patterns of marine biodiversity.https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/10034phylogeographic breakdispersal barrierasymmetrical gene flowmarine vicariancecryptic speciationphysiological adaptation |
| spellingShingle | Peter Teske Sophie von der Heyden Christopher McQuaid Nigel Barker A review of marine phylogeography in southern Africa South African Journal of Science phylogeographic break dispersal barrier asymmetrical gene flow marine vicariance cryptic speciation physiological adaptation |
| title | A review of marine phylogeography in southern Africa |
| title_full | A review of marine phylogeography in southern Africa |
| title_fullStr | A review of marine phylogeography in southern Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | A review of marine phylogeography in southern Africa |
| title_short | A review of marine phylogeography in southern Africa |
| title_sort | review of marine phylogeography in southern africa |
| topic | phylogeographic break dispersal barrier asymmetrical gene flow marine vicariance cryptic speciation physiological adaptation |
| url | https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/10034 |
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